{"id":9691,"date":"2016-10-27T00:23:39","date_gmt":"2016-10-26T22:23:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/?p=9691"},"modified":"2016-10-27T17:04:42","modified_gmt":"2016-10-27T15:04:42","slug":"euphydryas-aurinia-aurinia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/euphydryas-aurinia-aurinia\/","title":{"rendered":"Euphydryas aurinia &#8211; Aurinia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1458317537009{background-color: #efefef !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1477520499973{background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}&#8221;]<strong><em>Euphydryas<\/em><\/strong> <em><strong> aurinia<\/strong><\/em> &#8211; Rottemburg, 1775[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-dropcap\" style=\"\"><p><span class=\"grve-style-1 grve-bg-primary-1\">D<\/span>escrizione<\/p><\/div>[vc_column_text]Farfalla diurna della famiglia dei\u00a0Ninfalidi.<br \/>\nSpecie molto localizzata, preferisce gli ambienti umidi ma pu\u00f2 volare anche sui prati pi\u00f9 aridi, fino ai 1500 m di quota.<br \/>\nDi grandezza intorno ai 4 cm, ha ali caratterizzate da disegni marroni su uno sfondo arancio-mattone e punti neri.<br \/>\nLa faccia inferiore delle ali \u00e8 pallida e contrastante con quella superiore, pi\u00f9 scura.[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-hr grve-dashed-line-divider\" style=\"margin-bottom: 5px;padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text]<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/avvertenze-per-la-lettura-delle-schede\/\">AVVERTENZE PER LA LETTURA DELLE SCHEDE\u00a0<\/a><\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<h5 class=\"grve-element grve-align-left grve-title-line grve-h5\" style=\"\"><span>Galleria<\/span><\/h5><div class=\"grve-element grve-gallery grve-isotope grve-gallery-popup\" style=\"\" data-gutter=\"yes\" data-type=\"3-columns\" data-layout=\"fitRows\"><div class=\"grve-isotope-container\"><div class=\"grve-isotope-item \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/10\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral.jpg\"><figure class=\"grve-image-hover grve-zoom-in\"><div class=\"grve-media grve-dark-overlay grve-opacity-80\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"560\" height=\"554\" src=\"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/10\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral-560x554.jpg\" class=\"attachment-grve-image-small-square size-grve-image-small-square\" alt=\"Aurinia [da wikimedia foto di By Didier Descouens Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=44029061]\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/10\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral-560x554.jpg 560w, https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/10\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/10\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral-80x80.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/div><figcaption><h6 class=\"grve-title grve-dark\">Aurinia <br>[da wikimedia foto di By Didier Descouens <br> Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,<br>commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/<br>index.php?curid=44029061]<\/h6><span class=\"grve-caption grve-dark\">Aurinia <br>[da wikimedia foto di By Didier Descouens <br> Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0,<br>commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/<br>index.php?curid=44029061]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner]<div class=\"grve-element grve-hr grve-line-divider\" style=\"\"><\/div>[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"grve-element grve-align-left grve-title-double-line\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8053 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/09\/arge-leps.it_.gif\" alt=\"Logo leps.it\" width=\"95\" height=\"64\" \/>Link da Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa [www.leps.it]: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.leps.it\/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages\/EurodAurin.htm\" target=\"_blank\"><em><strong>Euphydryas aurinia<\/strong><\/em><\/a>\u00a0<em><strong>&#8211; <\/strong><\/em><strong>Rottemburg, 1775<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"grve-element grve-hr grve-line-divider\" style=\"\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"grve-element grve-align-left grve-title-double-line\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-7834\" src=\"http:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/9\/2016\/05\/imgres.jpg\" alt=\"Wikipedia\" width=\"152\" height=\"175\" \/><\/h5>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]<div id=\"rdp-we-main\" data-resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marsh_fritillary\">\n<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-aria-live-region\" class=\"mw-aria-live-region\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"mw-page-container\">\n\t<div class=\"mw-page-container-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-sitenotice-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-siteNotice\"><!-- CentralNotice --><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"vector-column-start\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-content-container\">\n\t\t\t<main id=\"rdp-we-content\" class=\"mw-body\">\n\t\t\t\t<header class=\"mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar no-font-mode-scale\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\n<\/header>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-bodyContent\" class=\"vector-body\" aria-labelledby=\"firstHeading\" data-mw-ve-target-container>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vector-body-before-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"rdp-we-mw-content-text\" class=\"mw-body-content\"><div class=\"mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\" data-mw-parsoid-version=\"0.25.0.0-alpha1\" data-mw-html-version=\"2.8.0\"><section data-mw-section-id=\"0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ\"><div class=\"shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux\" style=\"display:none\" about=\"#mwt1\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAg\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Short description\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Short_description\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Species of butterfly\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>Species of butterfly<\/div><span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt1\"><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_short_description\"\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata\"\/><\/span>\n<p about=\"#mwt3\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" class=\"mw-empty-elt\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAw\" data-mw=\"{&quot;parts&quot;:[{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Use dmy dates&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Template:Use_dmy_dates&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;December 2019&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:0}},&quot;\\n&quot;,{&quot;template&quot;:{&quot;target&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Speciesbox\\n&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:&quot;.\/Template:Speciesbox&quot;},&quot;params&quot;:{&quot;name&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;''Euphydryas aurinia''&quot;},&quot;image&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;{{CSS image crop|Image=Marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) male.jpg|bSize=260|cWidth=220|cHeight=140|oTop=10|oLeft=20|Location=center}}&quot;},&quot;image_caption&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Male ''E. a. aurinia'', [[Dorset]]&quot;},&quot;image2&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;{{CSS image crop|Image=Marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) female underside.jpg|bSize=260|cWidth=220|cHeight=140|oTop=20|oLeft=20|Location=center}}&quot;},&quot;image2_caption&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Female ''E. a. aurinia'', [[Dorset]]&quot;},&quot;status&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;LC&quot;},&quot;status_system&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;IUCN3.1&quot;},&quot;status_ref&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;&lt;ref name=IUCN>{{cite iucn |display-authors=3 |last=van Swaay |first= C. |last2=Wynhoff |first2= I. |last3=Wiemers |first3= M. |last4=Katbeh-Bader |first4= A. |last5=Power |first5= A. |last6=Benyamini |first6= D. |last7=Tzirkalli |first7= E. |last8=Balletto |first8= E. |last9=Monteiro |first9= E. |author10=Kara\u00e7etin, E. |last11=Franeta |first11= F. |last12=Pe'er |first12= G. |last13=Welch |first13= H. |last14=Thompson |first14= K. |last15=Pamperis |first15= L. |last16=Dapporto |first16= L. |last17=\u0160a\u0161i\u0107 |first17= M. |last18=L\u00f3pez Munguira |first18= M. |last19=Micevski |first19= N. |author20=Dupont, P. |last21=Garcia-Pereira |first21= P. |last22=Moulai |first22= R. |last23=Caruana |first23= R. |last24=Verovnik |first24= R. |last25=Bonelli |first25= S. |last26=Beshkov |first26= S. |year=2014 |title=''Euphydryas aurinia'' |volume=2014 |article-number=e.T174182A53714349 |doi= |access-date=29 October 2021}}&lt;\/ref>&quot;},&quot;taxon&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Euphydryas aurinia&quot;},&quot;authority&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;([[S. A. von Rottemburg|Rottemburg]], 1775)&quot;},&quot;synonyms_ref&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;&lt;ref>[http:\/\/www.lepiforum.de\/lepiwiki.pl?Euphydryas_Aurinia ''Euphydryas aurinia'' (Rottemburg, 1775) Goldener Scheckenfalter]. Lepiforum.de&lt;\/ref>&quot;},&quot;synonyms&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;{{collapsible list|bullets = true\\n|''Papilio artemis'' &lt;small>Denis &amp; Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775&lt;\/small>\\n|''Papilio maturna'' &lt;small>Esper, 1777&lt;\/small>\\n|''Papilio lye'' &lt;small>Bergstr\u00e4sser, 1780&lt;\/small>\\n|''Papilio koloswarensis'' &lt;small>Piller &amp; Mitterpacher, 1783&lt;\/small>\\n|''Papilio matutina'' &lt;small>Thunberg, 1791&lt;\/small>\\n|''Papilio merope'' &lt;small>De Prunner, 1798&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea brunnea'' &lt;small>Tutt, 1896&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea ochrea'' &lt;small>Tutt, 1896&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea virgata'' &lt;small>Tutt, 1896&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea nana'' &lt;small>Rehfons, 1910&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea turbida'' &lt;small>G\u00e9lin &amp; Lucas, 1912&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea unipuncta'' &lt;small>Kiefer, 1916&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea hoffmanni'' &lt;small>Kiefer, 1916&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea semifuscata'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1919&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea epimolpadia'' &lt;small>Reverdin, 1919&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea didyma'' &lt;small>Heinrich, 1923&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea rectiangula'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1924&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea catherini'' &lt;small>Le Charles, 1924&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea perianthes'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1926&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea interligata'' &lt;small>Derenne, 1926&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea gracilens'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1927&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea geminifasciata'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1927&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea transversa'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea deficiens'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea leucophana'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea frigescens'' &lt;small>Verity, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea moritura'' &lt;small>Verity, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea debilisprovincialis'' &lt;small>Verity, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea valentini'' &lt;small>Nitsche, 1928&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea semigriseis'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1931&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea tetramelana'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1931&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea semigracilens'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1931&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea melanoleuca'' &lt;small>Cabeau, 1932&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea flavofasciata'' &lt;small>Hackray, 1934&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea insterburgia'' &lt;small>Braun, 1937&lt;\/small>\\n|''Euphydryas albofasciata'' &lt;small>Frohawk, 1938&lt;\/small>\\n|''Euphydryas suffusa'' &lt;small>Frohawk, 1938&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea infra-rectiangula'' &lt;small>Caruel, 1939&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea ocellata'' &lt;small>Caruel, 1944&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea arcuata'' &lt;small>Caruel, 1944&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea commacula'' &lt;small>Caruel, 1944&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea ligata'' &lt;small>Caruel, 1944&lt;\/small>\\n|''Melitaea splendida'' &lt;small>Mauny, 1949&lt;\/small>\\n}}&quot;}},&quot;i&quot;:1}}]}\"><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2019\"\/>\n<\/p><table class=\"infobox biota\" style=\"text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%\" about=\"#mwt3\">\n<tbody><tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)\"><i>Euphydryas aurinia<\/i><\/th><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\"><div class=\"center\"><div class=\"center\">\n\n<div style=\"width: 220px; height: 140px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: relative; top: -10px; left: -20px; width: 260px\"><div class=\"noresize\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_male.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_male.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/55\/Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_male.jpg\/330px-Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_male.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"173\" width=\"260\" class=\"mw-file-element\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 88%\">Male <i>E. a. aurinia<\/i>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorset\" title=\"Dorset\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dorset<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\"><div class=\"center\"><div class=\"center\">\n\n<div style=\"width: 220px; height: 140px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: relative; top: -20px; left: -20px; width: 260px\"><div class=\"noresize\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_female_underside.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_female_underside.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d9\/Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_female_underside.jpg\/330px-Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_female_underside.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"173\" width=\"260\" class=\"mw-file-element\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center; font-size: 88%\">Female <i>E. a. aurinia<\/i>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dorset\" title=\"Dorset\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dorset<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n\n<tr style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)\">\n<th colspan=\"2\"><div style=\"text-align: center\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conservation_status\" title=\"Conservation status\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Conservation status<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\"><div style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"mw-default-size skin-invert-image notpageimage noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Frameless\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Status_iucn3.1_LC_WCAG.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Status_iucn3.1_LC_WCAG.svg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/ed\/Status_iucn3.1_LC_WCAG.svg\/250px-Status_iucn3.1_LC_WCAG.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Least Concern\" data-file-type=\"drawing\" height=\"67\" width=\"250\" class=\"mw-file-element\"\/><\/a><\/span><br\/><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Least_Concern\" title=\"Least Concern\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Least Concern<\/a><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:IUCN_Red_List_least_concern_species\"\/><small><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">\u00a0<\/span>(<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN 3.1<\/a>)<sup about=\"#mwt6\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-IUCN_1-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"IUCN\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-IUCN-1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-IUCN-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBg\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/small><\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Taxonomy_(biology)\" title=\"Taxonomy (biology)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scientific classification<\/a> <span class=\"plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert\" style=\"font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" data-mw='{\"caption\":\"Edit this classification\"}'><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Taxonomy\/Euphydryas\" title=\"Edit this classification\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/8a\/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg\/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Edit this classification\" data-file-type=\"drawing\" height=\"15\" width=\"15\" class=\"mw-file-element\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/th><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kingdom:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Animal\" title=\"Animal\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Animalia<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td>Phylum:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arthropod\" title=\"Arthropod\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Arthropoda<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td><i>Clade<\/i>:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pancrustacea\" title=\"Pancrustacea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Pancrustacea<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td>Class:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Insect\" title=\"Insect\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Insecta<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td>Order:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lepidoptera\" title=\"Lepidoptera\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lepidoptera<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td>Family:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nymphalidae\" title=\"Nymphalidae\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Nymphalidae<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\"> \n<td>Genus:<\/td>\n<td><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas\" title=\"Euphydryas\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><i>Euphydryas<\/i><\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"taxonrow\">\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<td>Species:<\/td>\n<td><div style=\"display:inline\" class=\"species\"><i><b>E.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">\u00a0<\/span>aurinia<\/b><\/i><\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Binomial_nomenclature\" title=\"Binomial nomenclature\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Binomial name<\/a><\/th><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: center\"><b><span class=\"binomial\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal;\"><\/span><i>Euphydryas aurinia<\/i><\/span><\/b><br\/><div style=\"font-size: 85%;\">(<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S._A._von_Rottemburg\" title=\"S. A. von Rottemburg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rottemburg<\/a>, 1775)<\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<tr>\n<th colspan=\"2\" style=\"color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Synonym_(taxonomy)\" title=\"Synonym (taxonomy)\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Synonyms<\/a><sup about=\"#mwt9\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwCA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwCQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwCg\">[<\/span>2<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwCw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/th><\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"text-align: left\">\n<div class=\"collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div style=\"line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;\"><div>List<\/div><\/div>\n<ul class=\"mw-collapsible-content\" style=\"margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;\"><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio artemis<\/i> <small>Denis &amp; Schifferm\u00fcller, 1775<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio maturna<\/i> <small>Esper, 1777<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio lye<\/i> <small>Bergstr\u00e4sser, 1780<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio koloswarensis<\/i> <small>Piller &amp; Mitterpacher, 1783<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio matutina<\/i> <small>Thunberg, 1791<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Papilio merope<\/i> <small>De Prunner, 1798<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea brunnea<\/i> <small>Tutt, 1896<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea ochrea<\/i> <small>Tutt, 1896<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea virgata<\/i> <small>Tutt, 1896<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea nana<\/i> <small>Rehfons, 1910<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea turbida<\/i> <small>G\u00e9lin &amp; Lucas, 1912<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea unipuncta<\/i> <small>Kiefer, 1916<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea hoffmanni<\/i> <small>Kiefer, 1916<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea semifuscata<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1919<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea epimolpadia<\/i> <small>Reverdin, 1919<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea didyma<\/i> <small>Heinrich, 1923<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea rectiangula<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1924<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea catherini<\/i> <small>Le Charles, 1924<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea perianthes<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1926<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea interligata<\/i> <small>Derenne, 1926<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea gracilens<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1927<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea geminifasciata<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1927<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea transversa<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea deficiens<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea leucophana<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea frigescens<\/i> <small>Verity, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea moritura<\/i> <small>Verity, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea debilisprovincialis<\/i> <small>Verity, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea valentini<\/i> <small>Nitsche, 1928<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea semigriseis<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1931<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea tetramelana<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1931<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea semigracilens<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1931<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea melanoleuca<\/i> <small>Cabeau, 1932<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea flavofasciata<\/i> <small>Hackray, 1934<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea insterburgia<\/i> <small>Braun, 1937<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Euphydryas albofasciata<\/i> <small>Frohawk, 1938<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Euphydryas suffusa<\/i> <small>Frohawk, 1938<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea infra-rectiangula<\/i> <small>Caruel, 1939<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea ocellata<\/i> <small>Caruel, 1944<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea arcuata<\/i> <small>Caruel, 1944<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea commacula<\/i> <small>Caruel, 1944<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea ligata<\/i> <small>Caruel, 1944<\/small>\n<\/li><li style=\"line-height: inherit; margin: 0\"><i>Melitaea splendida<\/i> <small>Mauny, 1949<\/small>\n<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n<\/tbody><\/table><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_'species'_microformats\" about=\"#mwt3\"\/><span typeof=\"mw:Nowiki\" about=\"#mwt3\"><\/span>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwDA\">The <b id=\"rdp-we-mwDQ\">marsh fritillary<\/b> (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwDg\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>) is a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Butterfly\" title=\"Butterfly\" id=\"rdp-we-mwDw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">butterfly<\/a> of the family <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nymphalidae\" title=\"Nymphalidae\" id=\"rdp-we-mwEA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Nymphalidae<\/a>. Commonly distributed in the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palearctic_realm\" title=\"Palearctic realm\" id=\"rdp-we-mwEQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Palearctic<\/a> region, the marsh fritillary's common name derives from one of its several habitats, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Marsh\" title=\"Marsh\" id=\"rdp-we-mwEg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">marshland<\/a>. The prolonged larval stage lasts for approximately seven to eight months and includes a period of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diapause\" title=\"Diapause\" id=\"rdp-we-mwEw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">diapause<\/a> over the winter. The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Larva\" title=\"Larva\" id=\"rdp-we-mwFA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">larvae<\/a> are dependent on the host food plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwFQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Succisa_pratensis\" title=\"Succisa pratensis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwFg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Succisa pratensis<\/a><\/i> not only for feeding but also for hibernation, because silken webs are formed on the host plant as the gregarious larvae enter hibernation. Females lay eggs in batches on the host plant and are, like other batch-layers, selective about the location of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviposition\" title=\"Oviposition\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwFw\" target=\"_new\">oviposition<\/a> because offspring survivorship levels for batch-layers are more tied to location selection than they are for single-egg layers.<\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwGA\">As of 2019 the butterfly's global conservation status is considered of least concern, but it has faced rapid decline and is considered regionally vulnerable or <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endangered_species\" title=\"Endangered species\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">endangered<\/a> over much of its range.<\/p>\n\n<meta property=\"mw:PageProp\/toc\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGg\" data-mw='{\"autoGenerated\":true}'\/><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwGw\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxonomy\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Taxonomy\">Taxonomy<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwHA\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwHQ\">E. aurinia<\/i> is represented by many <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subspecies\" title=\"Subspecies\" id=\"rdp-we-mwHg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">subspecies<\/a>. The most widely accepted are:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"rdp-we-mwHw\"><li id=\"rdp-we-mwIA\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwIQ\">Euphydryas aurinia aurinia<\/i> central Europe, southern Europe, western <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Siberia\" title=\"Siberia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwIg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Siberia<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwIw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwJA\">Euphydryas aurinia bulgarica<\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwJQ\">(Fruhstorfer, 1916)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt12\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-3\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwJg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwJw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKA\">[<\/span>3<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carpathian_Mountains\" title=\"Carpathian Mountains\" id=\"rdp-we-mwKg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carpathian Mountains<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwKw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwLA\">Euphydryas aurinia laeta<\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwLQ\">(Christoph, 1893)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt13\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwLw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMA\">[<\/span>4<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> central Siberia, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Altai_Mountains\" title=\"Altai Mountains\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Altai<\/a>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sayan_Mountains\" title=\"Sayan Mountains\" id=\"rdp-we-mwMw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sayan<\/a>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Transbaikal\" title=\"Transbaikal\" id=\"rdp-we-mwNA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Transbaikal<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwNQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwNg\">Euphydryas aurinia beckeri<\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwNw\">(Lederer, 1853)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt14\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-5\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOg\">[<\/span>5<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwOw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Morocco\" title=\"Morocco\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Morocco<\/a> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Middle_Atlas\" title=\"Middle Atlas\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Middle Atlas<\/a>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rif_Mountains\" title=\"Rif Mountains\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPg\" target=\"_new\">Rif Mountains<\/a>) submarginal band of the hindwing is of a magnificent deep russet-red colour and nearly occupies the whole outer half of the wing, being outwardly bordered by black lunules centred with pale yellow<sup about=\"#mwt16\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-6\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-6\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwPw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQQ\">[<\/span>6<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwQg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwQw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwRA\">Euphydryas aurinia barraguei<\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwRQ\">(Betz, 1956)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt17\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-7\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-7\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-7\" id=\"rdp-we-mwRg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwRw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSA\">[<\/span>7<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Algeria\" title=\"Algeria\" id=\"rdp-we-mwSg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Algeria<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwSw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwTA\">Euphydryas aurinia provincialis<\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwTQ\">(Boisduval, 1828)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt18\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-8\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-8\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-8\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwTw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUA\">[<\/span>8<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwUQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> (France and northern Italy)<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwUg\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwUw\">Euphydryas aurinia debilis<\/i><small id=\"rdp-we-mwVA\">(Oberth\u00fcr, 1909)<\/small><sup about=\"#mwt19\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-9\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-9\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-9\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwVw\">[<\/span>9<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Mountainous areas like Pyrenees and Alps<\/li><\/ul>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwWQ\">but the total number of described subspecies is much higher, especially in the eastern Palaearctic. The insect may be best considered a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superspecies\" title=\"Superspecies\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWg\" target=\"_new\">superspecies<\/a>. \n<sup about=\"#mwt20\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-10\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-10\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-10\" id=\"rdp-we-mwWw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXQ\">[<\/span>10<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwXg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwXw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwYA\">E.aurinia <\/i> is in the subgenus <i id=\"rdp-we-mwYQ\"><b id=\"rdp-we-mwYg\">Eurodryas<\/b><\/i> The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clade\" title=\"Clade\" id=\"rdp-we-mwYw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">clade<\/a> members are:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"rdp-we-mwZA\"><li id=\"rdp-we-mwZQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwZg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_aurinia\" title=\"Euphydryas aurinia\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwZw\" target=\"_new\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwaA\">(Rottemburg, 1775)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwaQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwag\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_provincialis\" title=\"Euphydryas provincialis\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwaw\" target=\"_new\">Euphydryas provincialis<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwbA\">(Boisduval, 1828)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwbQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwbg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_orientalis\" title=\"Euphydryas orientalis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwbw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Euphydryas orientalis<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwcA\">(Herrich-Sch\u00e4ffer, 1851)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwcQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwcg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_asiatica\" title=\"Euphydryas asiatica\" id=\"rdp-we-mwcw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Euphydryas asiatica<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwdA\">(Staudinger, 1881)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwdQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwdg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_sibirica\" title=\"Euphydryas sibirica\" id=\"rdp-we-mwdw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Euphydryas sibirica<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mweA\">(Staudinger, 1871)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mweQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mweg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_laeta?action=edit&redlink=1\" title=\"Euphydryas laeta (page does not exist)\" class=\"new wiki-link\" typeof=\"mw:LocalizedAttrs\" id=\"rdp-we-mwew\" data-mw-i18n='{\"title\":{\"lang\":\"x-page\",\"key\":\"red-link-title\",\"params\":[\"Euphydryas laeta\"]}}' target=\"_new\">Euphydryas laeta<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwfA\">(Christoph, 1893)<\/small><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwfQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwfg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas_desfontainii\" title=\"Euphydryas desfontainii\" id=\"rdp-we-mwfw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Euphydryas desfontainii<\/a><\/i> <small id=\"rdp-we-mwgA\">(Godart, 1819)<\/small><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-packed\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/gallery\" about=\"#mwt21\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgQ\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"gallery\",\"attrs\":{\"mode\":\"packed\"},\"body\":{}}'>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 182px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgg\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 180px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwgw\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhA\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia_estonica).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"E. a. estonica, Estonia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhQ\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillary_(Euphydryas_aurinia_estonica).jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/8\/81\/Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia_estonica%29.jpg\/330px-Marsh_fritillary_%28Euphydryas_aurinia_estonica%29.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"E. a. estonica, Estonia\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"180\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhg\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwhw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwiA\">E. a. estonica<\/i>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Estonia\" title=\"Estonia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwiQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Estonia<\/a><\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 180.66666666667px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwig\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 178.66666666667px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwiw\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjA\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto,_Andalousie,_Espagne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Euphydryas aurinia beckeri \u2642\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjQ\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto,_Andalousie,_Espagne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/3\/35\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto%2C_Andalousie%2C_Espagne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\/330px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto%2C_Andalousie%2C_Espagne_-_male_dorsal.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Euphydryas aurinia beckeri \u2642\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"179\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjg\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwjw\"> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwkA\">Euphydryas aurinia beckeri<\/i> \u2642  <\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 182.66666666667px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkQ\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 180.66666666667px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkg\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwkw\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto,_Andalousie,_Espagne_-_male_ventral.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Euphydryas aurinia beckeri \u2642  \u25b3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlA\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto,_Andalousie,_Espagne_-_male_ventral.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/51\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto%2C_Andalousie%2C_Espagne_-_male_ventral.jpg\/330px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_beckeri_-_Calar_Alto%2C_Andalousie%2C_Espagne_-_male_ventral.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Euphydryas aurinia beckeri \u2642  \u25b3\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"181\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlQ\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwlg\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwlw\">Euphydryas aurinia beckeri<\/i> \u2642  \u25b3 <\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 190px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmA\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 188px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmQ\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmg\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"E. a. debilis \u2642\" id=\"rdp-we-mwmw\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b6\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_dorsal.jpg\/330px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_dorsal.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"E. a. debilis \u2642\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwnA\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwnQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwng\">E. a. debilis<\/i> \u2642  <\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 190px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwnw\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 188px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwoA\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwoQ\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_ventral.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"E. a. debilis \u2642  \u25b3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwog\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_ventral.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/24\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_ventral.jpg\/330px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_debilis_-_Pologne_-_male_ventral.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"E. a. debilis \u2642  \u25b3\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"188\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwow\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpA\"> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwpQ\">E. a. debilis<\/i> \u2642  \u25b3 <\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 157.33333333333px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpg\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 155.33333333333px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwpw\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqA\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"E. a. provincialis \u2642\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqQ\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_dorsal.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/19\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_dorsal.jpg\/250px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_dorsal.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"E. a. provincialis \u2642\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"156\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqg\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwqw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwrA\">E. a. provincialis<\/i> \u2642<\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 166px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrQ\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 164px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrg\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwrw\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_ventral.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"E. a. provincialis \u2642 \u25b3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsA\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:(MHNT)_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_ventral.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/70\/%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_ventral.jpg\/250px-%28MHNT%29_Euphydryas_aurinia_provincialis_-_La_Motte_Var_France_-_male_ventral.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"E. a. provincialis \u2642 \u25b3\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"120\" width=\"164\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsQ\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwsg\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwsw\">E. a. provincialis<\/i> \u2642 \u25b3<\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtA\" aria-labelledby=\"Description\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Description\">Description<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwtQ\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwtg\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> has a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wingspan\" title=\"Wingspan\" id=\"rdp-we-mwtw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">wingspan<\/a> of <span about=\"#mwt22\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwuA\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"30\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"-\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"42\"},\"4\":{\"wt\":\"mm\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>30\u201342 millimetres (1.2\u20131.7<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt22\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt22\">in)<\/span> in males.<sup about=\"#mwt26\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CC_11-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CC\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-CC-11\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CC-11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwuQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwug\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwuw\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The females are usually larger than the males, with a wingspan of <span about=\"#mwt23\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"40\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"-\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"50\"},\"4\":{\"wt\":\"mm\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>40\u201350 millimetres (1.6\u20132.0<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt23\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt23\">in)<\/span>.<sup about=\"#mwt27\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-DD_12-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"DD\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-DD-12\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-DD-12\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvg\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwvw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwwA\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwwQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> These small butterflies are variable in markings and colouration, with many forms and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Subspecies\" title=\"Subspecies\" id=\"rdp-we-mwwg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">subspecies<\/a>. The adult butterflies usually show a chequered pattern of brown, orange, and yellow markings. Silver markings are present on the hindwing edge. The underside of the wings is patterned with yellow, orange, and brown without any silver colouration at all.<sup about=\"#mwt30\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-13\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-13\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-13\" id=\"rdp-we-mwww\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxQ\">[<\/span>13<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The eggs are yellow, and easily identified because of the large batch size. The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Larva\" title=\"Larva\" id=\"rdp-we-mwxw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">larvae<\/a> are black.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-packed\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/gallery\" about=\"#mwt31\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyA\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"gallery\",\"attrs\":{\"mode\":\"packed\",\"heights\":\"180\"},\"body\":{}}'>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 263.33333333333px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyQ\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 261.33333333333px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyg\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwyw\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Dorsal.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Dorsal side\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzA\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Dorsal.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e6\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Dorsal.jpg\/500px-Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Dorsal.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Dorsal side\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"180\" width=\"262\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzQ\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzg\">Dorsal side<\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 262px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwzw\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 260px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0A\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0Q\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Ventral side\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0g\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/43\/Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral.jpg\/500px-Euphydryas_aurinia_MHNT_CUT_2013_3_26_Clermont_le_Fort_Ventral.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Ventral side\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"180\" width=\"260\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mw0w\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1A\">Ventral side<\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"3\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1Q\" aria-labelledby=\"Distribution_and_habitat\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Distribution_and_habitat\">Distribution and habitat<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mw1g\">This species is widespread in the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Palearctic_realm\" title=\"Palearctic realm\" id=\"rdp-we-mw1w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Palearctic realm<\/a>, from <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ireland\" title=\"Ireland\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2A\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ireland<\/a> in the west to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sakha_Republic\" title=\"Sakha Republic\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2Q\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Yakutia<\/a> in the east, and to north-west <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/China\" title=\"China\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2g\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">China<\/a> and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mongolia\" title=\"Mongolia\" id=\"rdp-we-mw2w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Mongolia<\/a> in the south.<sup about=\"#mwt33\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-AA_14-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"AA\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-AA-14\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-AA-14\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3A\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3Q\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3g\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw3w\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup about=\"#mwt34\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-15\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-15\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4A\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4Q\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4g\">[<\/span>15<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw4w\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The marsh fritillary is in decline in Europe and it is one of eleven butterflies covered by the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Kingdom_Biodiversity_Action_Plan\" title=\"United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5A\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">United Kingdom Biodiversity Action Plan<\/a>.<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements\" about=\"#mwt32\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5Q\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Citation needed\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Citation_needed\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"November 2019\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2019\" about=\"#mwt32\"\/><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\" about=\"#mwt32\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5g\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">[<\/span><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">]<\/span><\/sup> Within the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Isles\" title=\"British Isles\" id=\"rdp-we-mw5w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">British Isles<\/a>, it is more frequent in the south and west, but especially in Wales where there is a stronghold.\n<sup about=\"#mwt36\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-BB_16-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"BB\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-BB-16\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6A\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6Q\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6g\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw6w\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mw7A\">This species lives in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calcareous_grassland\" title=\"Calcareous grassland\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7Q\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">calcareous grassland<\/a>, in woodland clearings, in damp marshy areas (hence the common name), and in heathy grassland, dominated by <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tussock_(grass)\" title=\"Tussock (grass)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7g\" target=\"_new\">tussock<\/a> forming grasses, including purple moor and rush pastures. In <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Finland\" title=\"Finland\" id=\"rdp-we-mw7w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Finland<\/a>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mw8A\">E. aurinia<\/i> has been shown to favor semi-permanent grasslands and impermanent <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Clearcutting\" title=\"Clearcutting\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8Q\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">clearcuts<\/a> in the forest. Young clearcuts were preferred over old clearcuts due to the dense growth of vegetation in old clearcut forests.<sup about=\"#mwt40\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:0_17-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":0\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:0-17\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-17\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8g\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw8w\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9A\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9Q\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> In the United Kingdom, two types of grasslands can be inhabited by <i id=\"rdp-we-mw9g\">E. aurinia<\/i>: damp grasslands that are either neutral or acidophilus and dry grasslands that have an abundance of plants growing in lime-rich soil (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Calcicolous_grasslands_in_the_British_National_Vegetation_Classification_system\" title=\"Calcicolous grasslands in the British National Vegetation Classification system\" id=\"rdp-we-mw9w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">calcicolous grasslands<\/a>).<sup about=\"#mwt43\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:1-18\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-A\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-Q\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-g\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw-w\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> These butterflies can reach an elevation of <span about=\"#mwt37\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_A\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"convert\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Convert\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"10\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"-\"},\"3\":{\"wt\":\"2200\"},\"4\":{\"wt\":\"m\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'>10\u20132,200 metres (33\u20137,218<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt37\">\u00a0<\/span><span about=\"#mwt37\">ft)<\/span> above sea level.<sup about=\"#mwt44\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-DD_12-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"DD\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-DD-12\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_Q\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_g\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mw_w\">[<\/span>12<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAQE\">In the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/British_Isles\" title=\"British Isles\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">British Isles<\/a>, the marsh fritillary is usually found in damp, heathy grasslands that are called <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAQM\">rhos pastures,<\/i> from the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Welsh_language\" title=\"Welsh language\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Welsh<\/a> word <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAQU\"><span title=\"Welsh-language text\" about=\"#mwt45\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQY\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"lang\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Lang\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"cy\"},\"2\":{\"wt\":\"rhos\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><i lang=\"cy\">rhos<\/i><\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_containing_Welsh-language_text\" about=\"#mwt45\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQc\"\/><\/i> meaning <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Heath\" title=\"Heath\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">heath<\/a>. Small populations can be an important element of the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ecology\" title=\"Ecology\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">ecology<\/a> because they produce many mobile individuals which can then found other populations. The marsh fritillary is protected under UK law, listed under Schedule 5 of the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wildlife_and_Countryside_Act\" title=\"Wildlife and Countryside Act\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQo\" target=\"_new\">Wildlife and Countryside Act<\/a>, and the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Habitats_Directive\" title=\"Habitats Directive\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">EU Habitats and Species Directive<\/a> (Annex II).<sup about=\"#mwt46\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-BB_16-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"BB\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ4\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAQ8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devon_Wildlife_Trust\" title=\"Devon Wildlife Trust\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Devon Wildlife Trust<\/a> owns a number of sites at which it monitors this species.  Examples include Stowford Moor (near <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Holsworthy,_Devon\" title=\"Holsworthy, Devon\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARE\" target=\"_new\">Holsworthy, Devon<\/a>), Dunsdon nature reserve (near <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bude\" title=\"Bude\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Bude<\/a>), Mambury Moor (near <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Great_Torrington\" title=\"Great Torrington\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Great Torrington<\/a>), Vealand Farm nature reserve (near Holsworthy), and Volehouse Nature Reserve (near Holsworthy). In 2009, population counts had significantly increased from years 2007 and 2008.<sup about=\"#mwt47\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-19\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-19\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-19\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARU\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARY\">[<\/span>19<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARc\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> In 2018, a breeding population was found in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carmarthenshire\" title=\"Carmarthenshire\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Carmarthenshire<\/a>, Wales, after an absence of 50 years.<sup about=\"#mwt50\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-20\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-20\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-20\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARs\">[<\/span>20<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwARw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAR0\">In <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithuania\" title=\"Lithuania\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAR4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lithuania<\/a> (included into the Lithuanian Red Data Book since 2000, red list category-3 (R))(Ra\u0161omavi\u010dius, 2007) is protected insect species.<sup about=\"#mwt53\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-21\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-21\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-21\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAR8\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASE\">[<\/span>21<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASI\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Euphydryas aurinia usually is found in natural and seminatural moist or wet oligotrophic grasslands (purple moorgrass and heath rush meadows), base rich fens, mostly in Eastern, North-Western and Central Lithuania, where its main foodplant <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Succisa_pratensis\" title=\"Succisa pratensis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Succisa pratensis<\/a> (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dipsacaceae\" title=\"Dipsacaceae\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Dipsacaceae<\/a>) is abundant. Inhabited patches frequently are situated along woodland edges or surrounded by bushes. Species is not found in Southern Lithuania where sandy soils predominate and in South-Western Lithuania where agriculture is very intensive.<sup about=\"#mwt56\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-22\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-22\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-22\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASc\">[<\/span>22<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwASk\">In <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Croatia\" title=\"Croatia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASo\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Croatia<\/a>, it is only present in the north, and even those findings are only historical. Attempts to confirm its presence have failed, but northern <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ivan\u0161\u010dica\" title=\"Ivan\u0161\u010dica\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ivan\u0161\u010dica<\/a> and the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lobor\" title=\"Lobor\" id=\"rdp-we-mwASw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lobor<\/a> valley are considered promising.<sup about=\"#mwt60\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-23\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-23\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-23\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS0\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAS8\">[<\/span>23<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup class=\"reference nowrap\" about=\"#mwt57\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATE\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"rp\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Rp\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"182\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><span title=\"Page \/ location: 182\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">:<\/span><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">\u200a<\/span>182<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">\u200a<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATI\" aria-labelledby=\"Factors_for_optimal_habitat\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Factors_for_optimal_habitat\">Factors for optimal habitat<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwATM\">The availability of larval food plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwATQ\">S. pratensis<\/i> and grass height are the most important factors in providing an optimal habitat for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwATU\">E. aurinia<\/i>.<\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATY\" aria-labelledby=\"Host_plant_availability\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Host_plant_availability\">Host plant availability<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwATc\">Because <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caterpillar\" title=\"Caterpillar\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">caterpillars<\/a> live in communal webs formed around their host plant and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hibernation\" title=\"Hibernation\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">hibernate<\/a> through the winter inside the web, the density of host plant is a crucial factor in forming the habitat of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwATo\">E. aurinia<\/i>. Studies have shown that the density of host plant is directly correlated to the number of larval webs found, which in turn is directly related to the number of adult butterflies. Therefore, a habitat suitable for the larvae can indirectly influence the proliferation of adult butterflies.<sup about=\"#mwt61\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATs\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwATw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT0\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT4\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAT8\" aria-labelledby=\"Sward_height\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Sward_height\">Sward height<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAUA\">Not only is the density of host plant crucial for a favorable habitat, but also the height of the sward, the expanse of grass covering the area where <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAUE\">E. aurinia<\/i> lives. Sward height that is too short can lead to increased exposure of the larvae to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Predators_and_Prey\" title=\"Predators and Prey\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">predators<\/a> and can cause limited food availability, leading to starvation. However, if the sward height is too tall and densely packed, then it becomes difficult for adult butterflies to locate the host plant to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviparity\" title=\"Oviparity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">oviposit<\/a> on. Thus, the level of sward height is most optimal when it is medium height.<sup about=\"#mwt62\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUU\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUY\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUc\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"7\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUg\" aria-labelledby=\"Food_resources\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Food_resources\">Food resources<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"8\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUk\" aria-labelledby=\"Host_plant_for_caterpillars\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Host_plant_for_caterpillars\">Host plant for caterpillars<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAUo\">The caterpillars are known to feed primarily on <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAUs\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Succisa_pratensis\" title=\"Succisa pratensis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAUw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Succisa pratensis<\/a><\/i> and species of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAU0\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digitalis\" title=\"Digitalis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAU4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Digitalis<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAU8\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Plantago_lanceolata\" title=\"Plantago lanceolata\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Plantago lanceolata<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVE\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Knautia_arvensis\" title=\"Knautia arvensis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Knautia arvensis<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVM\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scabiosa_succisa\" title=\"Scabiosa succisa\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVQ\" target=\"_new\">Scabiosa succisa<\/a><\/i>,  <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVU\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Scabiosa_columbaria\" title=\"Scabiosa columbaria\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVY\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Scabiosa columbaria<\/a>,<\/i> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVc\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Veronica_(plant)\" title=\"Veronica (plant)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Veronica<\/a><\/i> (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVk\">Veronica dubravnaya<\/i>, etc.), <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVo\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geranium\" title=\"Geranium\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAVs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Geranium<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAVw\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sambucus\" title=\"Sambucus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAV0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Sambucus<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAV4\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gentiana\" title=\"Gentiana\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAV8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Gentiana<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWA\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Valeriana\" title=\"Valeriana\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Valeriana<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWI\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lonicera_implexa\" title=\"Lonicera implexa\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Lonicera implexa<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filipendula\" title=\"Filipendula\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Filipendula<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWY\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spiraea\" title=\"Spiraea\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWc\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Spiraea<\/a><\/i> and <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAWg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Viburnum\" title=\"Viburnum\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Viburnum<\/a><\/i>.<sup about=\"#mwt63\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-AA_14-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"AA\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-AA-14\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWo\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWs\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAWw\">[<\/span>14<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAW0\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"9\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAW4\" aria-labelledby=\"Methanol_emission_from_feeding\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Methanol_emission_from_feeding\">Methanol emission from feeding<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAW8\">One study measuring the level of volatiles released by plants that are consumed by herbivores has shown that huge amounts of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Methanol\" title=\"Methanol\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">methanol<\/a> and other volatile substances (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Monoterpene\" title=\"Monoterpene\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">monoterpenes<\/a>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sesquiterpene\" title=\"Sesquiterpene\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sesquiterpenes<\/a> and lipoxygenase-derived volatile compounds) are emitted by <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAXM\">E. aurinia<\/i> caterpillars feeding on the host plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAXQ\">S. pratensis<\/i>. Methanol is a biochemically active compound that is commonly released by metabolic activities of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anaerobic_bacteria\" title=\"Anaerobic bacteria\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXU\" target=\"_new\">anaerobic bacteria<\/a>.<sup about=\"#mwt66\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:2_24-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":2\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:2-24\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-24\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXY\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXc\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXg\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXk\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"10\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXo\" aria-labelledby=\"Adult_feeding\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Adult_feeding\">Adult feeding<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAXs\">Adult butterflies feed on <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nectar\" title=\"Nectar\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAXw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">nectar<\/a> opportunistically, so the density of host plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAX0\">S. pratensis<\/i> does not affect adult butterfly feeding. In fact, by the time adult butterflies emerge, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAX4\">S. pratensis<\/i> does not even flower.<sup about=\"#mwt67\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAX8\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYE\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYI\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Adults are <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Polyphagous\" title=\"Polyphagous\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYM\" target=\"_new\">polyphagous<\/a> and generally feed on <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ranunculus\" title=\"Ranunculus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ranunculus<\/a><\/i> ssp., <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYY\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cirsium\" title=\"Cirsium\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYc\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Cirsium<\/a><\/i> ssp., <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Leucanthemum_vulgare\" title=\"Leucanthemum vulgare\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Leucantherum vulgare<\/a><\/i>, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYo\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Myosotis\" title=\"Myosotis\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAYs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Myosotis<\/a><\/i> ssp., <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAYw\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rubus\" title=\"Rubus\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Rubus<\/a><\/i> ssp most often.<sup about=\"#mwt70\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:7_25-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":7\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:7-25\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-25\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY4\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAY8\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZA\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZE\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> They have also been observed feeding on <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZI\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caltha_palustris\" title=\"Caltha palustris\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Caltha palustris<\/a><\/i>, also known as kingcup or marsh-marigold, and <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ajuga_reptans\" title=\"Ajuga reptans\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Ajuga reptans<\/a><\/i>, also known as bugle or bugleweed.<sup about=\"#mwt74\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-26\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-26\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-26\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZY\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZc\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZg\">[<\/span>26<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZk\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZo\" aria-labelledby=\"Parental_care\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Parental_care\">Parental care<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"12\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAZs\" aria-labelledby=\"Oviposition_discrimination\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Oviposition_discrimination\">Oviposition discrimination<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAZw\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ0\">E. aurinia<\/i> females are batch-layers, meaning they lay a large number of eggs at one site. Because 200\u2013300 eggs are at stake every time an egg-laying site is chosen, batch-laying females tend to undergo a discrimination phase in searching for a location to lay eggs on. Each plant can serve as an egg-laying site for four to five clusters of eggs, meaning that more than a thousand larvae may hatch on a single plant. If so, the newly hatched larvae will face serious food shortage and fierce competition for food, which has huge repercussions for offspring survivorship. Therefore, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ4\">Euphydryas<\/i> and other batch-laying females, such as <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAZ8\">Melitaeini<\/i> females, spend more time choosing a place to lay eggs and are more selective when looking for a host plant.<sup about=\"#mwt77\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:3_27-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":3\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:3-27\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaE\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaI\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaM\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"13\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaQ\" aria-labelledby=\"Size_of_host_plant_and_vegetation_density\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Size_of_host_plant_and_vegetation_density\">Size of host plant and vegetation density<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAaU\">Female <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oviparity\" title=\"Oviparity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaY\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">oviposition<\/a> depends largely on the size of host plant as well as density of vegetation cover. Studies have shown that females prefer to lay eggs on large host plants as opposed to smaller plants. This is to prevent food shortage and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Starvation\" title=\"Starvation\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAac\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">starvation<\/a> of the larvae. Also, sparse, open vegetation structure is favored over dense, thick grasslands when the host plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAag\">S. pratensis<\/i> is used for oviposition.<sup about=\"#mwt80\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:4_28-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":4\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:4-28\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-28\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAak\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAao\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAas\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAaw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The presence of a tall non-host plant (e.g. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAa0\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Deschampsia_cespitosa\" title=\"Deschampsia cespitosa\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAa4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Deschampsia caespitosa<\/a><\/i>) is negatively correlated with egg nests.<sup about=\"#mwt83\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:5_29-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":5\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:5-29\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-29\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAa8\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbE\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbI\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Therefore, abandoned <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meadow\" title=\"Meadow\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">meadows<\/a> with lime-rich soil have been identified as oviposition sites. Often, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAbQ\">E. aurinia<\/i> will lay eggs at edges of such meadows because the vegetation structure and plant height fit the female butterfly preference for oviposition.<sup about=\"#mwt84\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:4_28-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":4\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-28\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbc\">[<\/span>28<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> For such reasons, croplands are generally favored over meadows for oviposition because croplands tend to have concentrated numbers of large-sized host plants.<sup about=\"#mwt87\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:8_30-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":8\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:8-30\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-30\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbs\">[<\/span>30<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAbw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"14\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAb0\" aria-labelledby=\"Color_of_host_plant\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Color_of_host_plant\">Color of host plant<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAb4\">Females prefer to lay eggs on leaves with the highest <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chlorophyll\" title=\"Chlorophyll\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAb8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">chlorophyll<\/a> contents. Therefore, the reflectance and chlorophyll concentration of leaves also affects the choice of oviposition site for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAcA\">E. aurinia<\/i>. Chlorophyll content (the \"greenness\" of plants) can be an indicator for increased <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fitness_(biology)\" title=\"Fitness (biology)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">fitness<\/a> of the host plant, which in turn will provide optimal growth opportunities for the newly hatched larvae. Females therefore use visual cues to seek out the greenest leaves to lay their eggs on. However, there are also indications that it is not high chlorophyll concentration but the presence of conspecific egg clusters which attracts females to oviposit on a certain leaf.<sup about=\"#mwt88\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:3_27-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":3\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcI\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcM\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcQ\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcU\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcY\" aria-labelledby=\"Other_favored_factors_for_oviposition\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading4\"><h4 id=\"rdp-we-Other_favored_factors_for_oviposition\">Other favored factors for oviposition<\/h4><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAcc\">In the Czech Republic, the presence of short grasses that can serve a cushion-like function (especially <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAcg\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nardus_stricta\" title=\"Nardus stricta\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAck\" target=\"_new\">Nardus stricta<\/a>)<\/i> in the vicinity of the host plant was positively correlated with nest numbers. In general, conditions that promote host plant growth and proliferation are also favorable for nests. Dry, acidic conditions with limited <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nitrogen\" title=\"Nitrogen\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAco\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">nitrogen<\/a> resources are preferred for nests because these conditions lead to short swards. Short swards facilitate larval <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Body_temperature\" title=\"Body temperature\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcs\" target=\"_new\">basking<\/a>, and thus is a factor considered by females during oviposition.<sup about=\"#mwt89\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:5_29-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":5\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-29\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAcw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAc0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAc4\">[<\/span>29<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAc8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"16\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdA\" aria-labelledby=\"Life_cycle\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Life_cycle\">Life cycle<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAdE\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAdI\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> is a <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Univoltine\" title=\"Univoltine\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdM\" target=\"_new\">univoltine<\/a> species.<\/p>\n\n<figure typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdQ\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_eggs1.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdU\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_eggs1.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/f\/f1\/Euphydryas_aurinia_eggs1.jpg\/250px-Euphydryas_aurinia_eggs1.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"132\" width=\"200\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdY\"\/><\/a><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwAdc\">Eggs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"17\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdg\" aria-labelledby=\"Egg\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Egg\">Egg<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAdk\">The eggs are laid in groups on the underside of leaves in May and June. Up to 350 are laid in a single batch. They turn from pale yellow when first laid, to bright yellow, then crimson, and finally to dark grey just prior to hatching.<\/p>\n\n<figure typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdo\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_young_caterpillars_(6348551014).jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAds\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_young_caterpillars_(6348551014).jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/5\/5f\/Euphydryas_aurinia_young_caterpillars_%286348551014%29.jpg\/250px-Euphydryas_aurinia_young_caterpillars_%286348551014%29.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"132\" width=\"200\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAdw\"\/><\/a><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwAd0\">Young caterpillars<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAd4\" aria-labelledby=\"Caterpillar\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Caterpillar\">Caterpillar<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAd8\">The <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Caterpillar\" title=\"Caterpillar\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">caterpillars<\/a> hatch in about three weeks from the end of June onwards. There are six <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Instar\" title=\"Instar\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">instars<\/a> for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAeI\">E. aurinia<\/i> larvae. The first four are <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gregarious\" title=\"Gregarious\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeM\" target=\"_new\">gregarious<\/a>, the first three being prehibernation instars and the fourth being post-hibernation. The first three instars form a communal web around the food plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAeQ\">S. pratensis<\/i> and feed on the host plant for about three weeks.<sup about=\"#mwt90\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:2_24-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":2\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-24\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAec\">[<\/span>24<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The young caterpillars become conspicuous by the end of August.<sup about=\"#mwt91\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CC_11-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CC\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CC-11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAek\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAeo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAes\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAew\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> In the autumn, they make stronger webs closer to the ground, usually within a dense grass tussock, where they will start to hibernate.<\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAe0\">In the spring, the fourth instar emerges from hibernation. All three of the post-hibernation instars bask in the sun. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Body_temperature\" title=\"Body temperature\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAe4\" target=\"_new\">Basking<\/a> is a behavior in which the instar increases its body temperature using heat from <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_irradiance\" title=\"Solar irradiance\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAe8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">solar radiation<\/a>. This allows them to be relatively independent of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ambient_temperature\" title=\"Ambient temperature\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfA\" target=\"_new\">ambient temperature<\/a>, which promotes faster development.<sup about=\"#mwt94\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-31\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-31\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-31\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfE\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfI\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfM\">[<\/span>31<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> During this time, they change color from brown to black.<\/p>\n\n<figure typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfU\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_pupa.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfY\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Euphydryas_aurinia_pupa.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/6e\/Euphydryas_aurinia_pupa.jpg\/250px-Euphydryas_aurinia_pupa.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"150\" width=\"200\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfc\"\/><\/a><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwAfg\">Pupa<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"19\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfk\" aria-labelledby=\"Pupa\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Pupa\">Pupa<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAfo\">At the end of the sixth instar, pupae start forming. This occurs in the spring, around the end of March or beginning of April.<sup about=\"#mwt95\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:3_27-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":3\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfs\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAfw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAf0\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAf4\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Pupation occurs low down deep within grass tussocks or dead leaves.<\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"20\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAf8\" aria-labelledby=\"Adult\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Adult\">Adult<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAgA\">Adults emerge and undergo the flight period between May and June.<sup about=\"#mwt96\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:3_27-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":3\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgE\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgI\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgM\">[<\/span>27<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> However, in southern regions, they can be on wing starting from late May.<sup about=\"#mwt97\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CC_11-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CC\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CC-11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgc\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup about=\"#mwt98\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-32\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-32\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-32\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgs\">[<\/span>32<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAgw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Adults have short life spans, usually lasting about two weeks.<sup about=\"#mwt99\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:0_17-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":0\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-17\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAg0\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAg4\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAg8\">[<\/span>17<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhA\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"21\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhE\" aria-labelledby=\"Migration\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Migration\">Migration<\/h2><\/div>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"22\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhI\" aria-labelledby=\"Metapopulations\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Metapopulations\">Metapopulations<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAhM\">Research on the population dynamics of the marsh fritillary has shown that they live in <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metapopulation\" title=\"Metapopulation\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhQ\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">metapopulations<\/a>. A metapopulation is defined as a collection of local populations that are connected together as a result of occasional dispersal. Amongst these some will disappear and others will be founded.<sup about=\"#mwt100\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-CC_11-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"CC\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-CC-11\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhc\">[<\/span>11<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> An important feature of metapopulations is that there will always be empty habitat within the system. It is possible for the majority of the habitat patches to be empty. The security of suitable places where the butterfly does not presently inhabit is essential to its survival in the long term.<\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"23\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhk\" aria-labelledby=\"Local_dispersal\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Local_dispersal\">Local dispersal<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAho\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAhs\">E. aurinia<\/i> butterflies tend to exhibit <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sedentary_lifestyle\" title=\"Sedentary lifestyle\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAhw\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">sedentary<\/a> behavior, which leads to an increase in local dispersal rather than regional or long-distance dispersal. Males are more likely to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emigration\" title=\"Emigration\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAh0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">emigrate<\/a> than females, and even so, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAh4\">E. aurinia<\/i> rarely move to neighboring patches. The average local population size increases as a result of the limited mobility of adult butterflies.<sup about=\"#mwt103\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-33\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-33\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-33\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAh8\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiE\">[<\/span>33<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiI\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Thus, the fluctuation of one habitat patch population size is unlikely to affect the population size of another habitat patch.<sup about=\"#mwt106\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:6_34-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":6\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:6-34\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-34\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiM\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiQ\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiU\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiY\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The relative turnover rate of <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extinction\" title=\"Extinction\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAic\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">extinction<\/a> and recolonization of previously empty habitat patches is high for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAig\">E. aurinia<\/i>, which indicates that extinction of one local population can be balanced by re-colonization of another. Such classic metapopulation characteristics explain why there is greater within-population genetic structuring in <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAik\">E. aurinia<\/i>.<sup about=\"#mwt107\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:6_34-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":6\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-34\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAio\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAis\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAiw\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAi0\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"24\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAi4\" aria-labelledby=\"Mating\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Mating\">Mating<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAi8\">Mating is believed to occur randomly, as shown by the fact that there is no significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAjA\">E. aurinia<\/i> populations.<sup about=\"#mwt110\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-35\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-35\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-35\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjE\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjI\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjM\">[<\/span>35<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Adult males display sedentary behavior, perching on bushes or grass. They observe and seek out females. Females mate once in their short lifetime and lay multiple batches of eggs.<sup about=\"#mwt111\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:7_25-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":7\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-25\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjc\">[<\/span>25<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Due to their short lifetime, females mate soon after they emerge from chrysalis. They bear so many eggs that they are unable to fly far distances until they lay the eggs and only crawl to nearby vegetation. Females are larger and less vibrant in color than males.<sup about=\"#mwt115\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-36\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-36\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-36\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjs\">[<\/span>36<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAjw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-traditional\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/gallery\" about=\"#mwt116\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAj0\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"gallery\",\"attrs\":{\"widths\":\"240\",\"heights\":\"180\"},\"body\":{}}'>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 275px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAj4\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 270px; height: 210px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAj8\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkA\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillaries_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_courting.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Courting\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkE\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillaries_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_courting.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/63\/Marsh_fritillaries_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_courting.jpg\/250px-Marsh_fritillaries_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_courting.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Courting\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"160\" width=\"240\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkI\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkM\">Courting<\/div><\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 275px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkQ\"><div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 270px; height: 210px;\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkU\"><span typeof=\"mw:File\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkY\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillaries_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_mating.jpg\" class=\"mw-file-description wiki-link\" title=\"Mating\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkc\" target=\"_new\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Marsh_fritillaries_(Euphydryas_aurinia)_mating.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/06\/Marsh_fritillaries_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_mating.jpg\/250px-Marsh_fritillaries_%28Euphydryas_aurinia%29_mating.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Mating\" data-file-type=\"bitmap\" height=\"160\" width=\"240\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkg\"\/><\/a><\/span><\/div><div class=\"gallerytext\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAkk\">Mating<\/div><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"25\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAko\" aria-labelledby=\"Enemies\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Enemies\">Enemies<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAks\">Known predators of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAkw\">E. aurinia<\/i> are <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuckoo\" title=\"Cuckoo\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAk0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cuckoos<\/a>, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Frog\" title=\"Frog\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAk4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">frogs<\/a>, and <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Toad\" title=\"Toad\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAk8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">toads<\/a>, and the ground beetle <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAlA\">Pterostichus versicolor<\/i>. All of these predators prey on the larvae.<sup about=\"#mwt117\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:6_34-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":6\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-34\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlE\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlI\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlM\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlQ\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The caterpillars are liable to be attacked by the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parasitoid\" title=\"Parasitoid\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlU\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">parasitoid<\/a> <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wasp\" title=\"Wasp\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlY\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">wasp<\/a> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAlc\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apanteles_bignellii?action=edit&redlink=1\" title=\"Apanteles bignellii (page does not exist)\" class=\"new wiki-link\" typeof=\"mw:LocalizedAttrs\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlg\" data-mw-i18n='{\"title\":{\"lang\":\"x-page\",\"key\":\"red-link-title\",\"params\":[\"Apanteles bignellii\"]}}' target=\"_new\">Apanteles bignellii<\/a><\/i>, especially in warm spring weather.<sup about=\"#mwt119\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-37\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-37\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-37\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlo\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAls\">[<\/span>37<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAlw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The parasitoid displays gregarious parasitoid larval behavior, meaning more than one parasitoid <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Offspring\" title=\"Offspring\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAl0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">progeny<\/a> can develop fully in or on the host. In fact, three regular generations of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAl4\">A. bignelli<\/i> occur in one generation of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAl8\">E. aurinia,<\/i> usually between the pupae, adult, and egg stages of the host.<sup about=\"#mwt122\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-38\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-38\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-38\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmE\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmI\">[<\/span>38<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmM\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Also, parasitoid oviposition behavior is selective, meaning that <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAmQ\">A. bignelli<\/i> is a specialist parasitoid. The percent of host population parasitized varies greatly, ranging from 0 to 80%.<sup about=\"#mwt123\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:6_34-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":6\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-34\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmc\">[<\/span>34<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmg\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"26\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAmk\" aria-labelledby=\"Symbiosis\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Symbiosis\">Symbiosis<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAmo\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Endosymbiont\" title=\"Endosymbiont\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAms\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Endosymbiotic<\/a> bacteria <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAmw\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wolbachia\" title=\"Wolbachia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAm0\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wolbachia<\/a><\/i> have been detected in 19 United Kingdom populations at 100% <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prevalence\" title=\"Prevalence\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAm4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">prevalence<\/a>. When tested for <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phenotype\" title=\"Phenotype\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAm8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">phenotypes<\/a> such as <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cytoplasmic_incompatibility\" title=\"Cytoplasmic incompatibility\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAnA\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">cytoplasmic incompatibility<\/a>, sex ratio distortion, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mutualism_(biology)\" title=\"Mutualism (biology)\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAnE\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">mutualistic<\/a> or neutral relationship, there seemed to be no conclusive phenotype of the endosymbiotic bacteria. Although strains closely matched to the identified <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnI\">Wolbachia<\/i> bacteria strain were shown to be sex ratio distorters, no sex ratio distortion was observed in the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnM\">E. aurinia<\/i> populations. Therefore, further research needs to be done to conclude what the phenotype of this symbiotic bacteria is. Possible explanation for the stable sex ratio in <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnQ\">E. aurinia<\/i> despite the presence of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnU\">Wolbachia<\/i> may be the evolution of traits in the host that suppress the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnY\">Wolbachia<\/i> phenotype from being expressed. If this is the case, then the apparent lack of phenotype of the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAnc\">Wolbachia<\/i> bacteria can be explained as phenotype suppression.<sup about=\"#mwt124\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAng\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAnk\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAno\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAns\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"27\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAnw\" aria-labelledby=\"Conservation\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Conservation\">Conservation<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAn0\">As of 2021 the butterfly's conservation status is globally considered <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conservation_status\" title=\"Conservation status\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAn4\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">of least concern<\/a> by the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature_and_Natural_Resources\" title=\"International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAn8\" target=\"_new\">International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources<\/a>.<sup about=\"#mwt125\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-IUCN_1-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"IUCN\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-IUCN-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoE\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoI\">[<\/span>1<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoM\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> However, several areas report regional decreases in population.<\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"28\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoQ\" aria-labelledby=\"Fluctuations_of_the_population\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Fluctuations_of_the_population\">Fluctuations of the population<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAoU\">Major fluctuations of local patch populations of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAoY\">E. aurinia<\/i> have been reported in western England, with the population number reaching peaks in the 1890s and mid 1920s at population sizes around 40,000 and 1,000 respectively. Despite the massive number of larvae and pupae observed during these two periods of maximal population growth, the population frequency of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAoc\">E. aurinia<\/i> fluctuated drastically as the number of caterpillars observed dropped as low as 16 caterpillars in 1920 after a \"diligent search\".<sup about=\"#mwt128\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-39\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-39\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-39\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAog\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAok\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAoo\">[<\/span>39<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAos\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><sup about=\"#mwt131\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-40\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-40\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-40\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAow\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAo0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAo4\">[<\/span>40<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAo8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Thus, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwApA\">E. aurinia<\/i> serves as a good indicator of environmental changes due to its vulnerability to habitat changes.<\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"29\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApE\" aria-labelledby=\"Habitat_loss\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Habitat_loss\">Habitat loss<\/h3><\/div>\n<figure class=\"mw-default-size\" typeof=\"mw:File\/Thumb\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApI\"><span id=\"rdp-we-mwApM\"><video poster=\"\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm\/250px--Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm.jpg?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser\" controls=\"\" preload=\"none\" data-mw-tmh=\"\" height=\"141\" width=\"250\" resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm\" data-durationhint=\"130\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApQ\"><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e8\/Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm\/Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm.240p.vp9.webm\" type='video\/webm; codecs=\"vp9, opus\"' data-width=\"426\" data-height=\"240\" data-transcodekey=\"240p.vp9.webm\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApU\"\/><source src=\"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e8\/Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm\/Natura_2000_-_Focus_on_Marsh_Fritillary.webm.360p.mpeg4.mov\" type='video\/quicktime; codecs=\"mp4v\"' data-width=\"640\" data-height=\"360\" data-transcodekey=\"360p.mpeg4.mov\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApY\"\/><\/video><\/span><figcaption id=\"rdp-we-mwApc\">Short film on the Marsh Fritillary by <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natural_Resources_Wales\" title=\"Natural Resources Wales\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Natural Resources Wales<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwApk\">As of 2017, rapid decline of the population had been observed in Denmark due to <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Habitat_loss\" title=\"Habitat loss\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApo\" target=\"_new\">loss of habitat<\/a> and host plants.<sup about=\"#mwt132\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:9_41-0\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":9\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:9-41\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAps\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwApw\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAp0\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAp4\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAp8\">Because the larval stage is highly dependent on the host food plant <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqA\">S. pratensis<\/i>, decline in the availability of the host plant leads to negative effects on the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqE\">E. aurinia<\/i> population. Decline of natural habitats for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqI\">S. pratensis<\/i> is correlated with decline in the host plant population. Due to cultivation and shift of land use from traditional farming to grazing, the frequency of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqM\">S. pratensis<\/i> populations has declined over the past few years. Damp, basic soil is suitable for high <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqQ\">S. pratensis<\/i> frequency. Environmental changes such as acidification and eutrophication have led to a decline in available optimal habitat for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqU\">S. pratensis<\/i>, and consequently for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAqY\">E. aurinia<\/i>.<sup about=\"#mwt135\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:9_41-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":9\"},\"body\":{\"id\":\"mw-reference-text-cite_note-:9-41\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:9-41\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAqc\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAqg\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAqk\">[<\/span>41<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAqo\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAqs\">As of 2019 the butterfly had become regionally extinct over much of its former range in the UK.<sup about=\"#mwt138\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-BB_16-2\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"BB\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAqw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAq0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAq4\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAq8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The population size in the UK had decreased by 60% over the period during which records have been kept.<sup about=\"#mwt139\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-BB_16-3\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"BB\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArA\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArE\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArI\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArM\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Human activities such as modern farming altered their main habitat \u2013 England's damp meadows \u2013 and have changed the climate as well. This loss of major habitats has led to fragmentation and isolation of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwArQ\">E. aurinia<\/i> populations, thus leading to metapopulation formation.<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements\" about=\"#mwt136\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArU\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Citation needed\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Citation_needed\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"November 2019\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2019\" about=\"#mwt136\"\/><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\" about=\"#mwt136\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArY\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">[<\/span><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">]<\/span><\/sup> <i id=\"rdp-we-mwArc\">E. aurinia<\/i> is more vulnerable to extinction in the small subpopulations that comprise the metapopulation.<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements\" about=\"#mwt137\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArg\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Citation needed\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Citation_needed\"},\"params\":{\"date\":{\"wt\":\"November 2019\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_November_2019\" about=\"#mwt137\"\/><sup class=\"noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact\" style=\"white-space:nowrap;\" about=\"#mwt137\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArk\"><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">[<\/span><i><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikipedia:Citation_needed\" title=\"Wikipedia:Citation needed\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\"><span title=\"This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)\">citation needed<\/span><\/a><\/i><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\">]<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAro\">According to the <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Joint_Nature_Conservation_Committee\" title=\"Joint Nature Conservation Committee\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArs\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Joint Nature Conservation Committee<\/a> in 2019, the population has \"declined dramatically in Europe and is regarded as endangered or vulnerable in most of its European range,\" and the remaining populations in the UK and Spain are considered the \"European strongholds\" for the species.<sup about=\"#mwt140\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-BB_16-4\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\"BB\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"rdp-we-mwArw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAr0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAr4\">[<\/span>16<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAr8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"30\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsA\" aria-labelledby=\"Management\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Management\">Management<\/h2><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAsE\">Moderate farming activity can be beneficial to the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAsI\">E. aurinia<\/i> population because it can lead to sparsely-vegetated, open landscape which is suitable for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAsM\">E. aurinia<\/i> larvae.<sup about=\"#mwt141\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-5\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsQ\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsU\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsY\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsc\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> Research has shown that the female butterflies prefer to lay their eggs in cropland over <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meadows\" title=\"Meadows\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsg\" target=\"_new\">meadows<\/a>. This can be explained by the fact that vegetation is less dense and the host plants tend to be larger in size on cropland.<sup about=\"#mwt142\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:8_30-1\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":8\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-30\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsk\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAso\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAss\">[<\/span>30<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAsw\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> However, excessive landscape changes that come with modern farming techniques can lead to drastic changes in the <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAs0\">E. aurinia<\/i> population. There have been efforts made to re-introduce butterflies into empty patches of habitat to increase re-colonization, and techniques such as controlled burns and cattle grazing have also been utilized to promote <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAs4\">E. aurinia<\/i> population growth.<sup about=\"#mwt143\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-6\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAs8\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtA\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtE\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtI\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> These areas are monitored for indicators of success such as the frequency of larval webs and the frequency of flowers and larval food plant.<\/p>\n\n<section data-mw-section-id=\"31\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtM\" aria-labelledby=\"Grazing\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Grazing\">Grazing<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAtQ\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pastoral_farming\" title=\"Pastoral farming\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtU\" target=\"_new\">Cattle grazing<\/a> is a common method which has been adopted in response to the declining <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAtY\">E. aurinia<\/i> population. An intermediate level of grazing can help maintain moist grasslands, which are optimal for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAtc\">S. pratensis<\/i> and <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAtg\">E. aurinia.<\/i> However, <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Overgrazing\" title=\"Overgrazing\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtk\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">overgrazing<\/a> can lead to short host plants, which can lead to shortage of food for the newly hatched larvae. Under-grazing can lead to growth of dense, scrubby plants, which is also unsuitable and unfavored by the female butterflies.<sup about=\"#mwt144\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-7\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAto\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAts\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAtw\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAt0\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup> The aim is to produce an uneven patchwork of short and long vegetation by the end of the grazing period, between 8 and 25<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAt4\">\u00a0<\/span>cm.<\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"32\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAt8\" aria-labelledby=\"Swaling\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Swaling\">Swaling<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAuA\">Another common method for conservation efforts is <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Swaling\" title=\"Swaling\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuE\" target=\"_new\">swaling<\/a>, which is a form of land management where controlled burning is used to prevent overgrowth of vegetation and promote wildlife <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Biodiversity\" title=\"Biodiversity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuI\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">biodiversity<\/a>. Though it is a temporary solution, swaling can provide suitable habitat conditions for <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAuM\">E. aurinia<\/i>. Criticism against swaling include the fact that it is only a temporary solution, and the possibility that swaling can kill masses of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAuQ\">E. aurinia<\/i> larvae if done at the wrong time of the year.<sup about=\"#mwt145\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-8\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuU\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuY\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuc\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAug\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"33\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuk\" aria-labelledby=\"Re-introduction_of_butterflies\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading3\"><h3 id=\"rdp-we-Re-introduction_of_butterflies\">Re-introduction of butterflies<\/h3><\/div>\n<p id=\"rdp-we-mwAuo\">Lastly, in extreme cases, efforts to re-introduce <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAus\">E. aurinia<\/i> butterflies into empty patches of habitat have been attempted in order to increase the colonization rate. Because this method involves extreme human intervention to promote patch population formation, this method is also a temporary fix and used only in rare, extreme cases of local extinction.<sup about=\"#mwt146\" class=\"mw-ref reference\" id=\"rdp-we-cite_ref-:1_18-9\" rel=\"dc:references\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/ref\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"ref\",\"attrs\":{\"name\":\":1\"}}'><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAuw\"><span class=\"mw-reflink-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAu0\"><span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAu4\">[<\/span>18<span class=\"cite-bracket\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAu8\">]<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n<\/section><\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"34\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvA\" aria-labelledby=\"Bibliography\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-Bibliography\">Bibliography<\/h2><\/div>\n<ul id=\"rdp-we-mwAvE\"><li id=\"rdp-we-mwAvI\">Aldwell, B. and Smyth, F. 2013. The Marsh Fritillary (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwAvM\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Rottemburg, 1775)) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Co. Donegal. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAvQ\">Irish Naturalists' Journal<\/i> <b id=\"rdp-we-mwAvU\">32<\/b>: 53\u201363 Crory, Andrew.(?) 2016. Fritillary Butterflies. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAvY\">The Irish Hare<\/i>, Issue: 113. p.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvc\">\u00a0<\/span>4<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"35\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvg\" aria-labelledby=\"References\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-References\">References<\/h2><\/div>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt147\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvk\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Reflist\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Reflist\"},\"params\":{},\"i\":0}}]}'><\/span><div about=\"#mwt147\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvo\">\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/references\" about=\"#mwt149\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvs\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"references\",\"attrs\":{\"group\":\"\",\"responsive\":\"1\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'><ol class=\"mw-references references\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAvw\"><li about=\"#cite_note-IUCN-1\" id=\"cite_note-IUCN-1\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"1\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAv0\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-IUCN_1-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAv4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAv8\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-IUCN_1-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwE\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-IUCN-1\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFvan_SwaayWynhoffWiemersKatbeh-Bader2014\" class=\"citation journal cs1\">van Swaay, C.; Wynhoff, I.; Wiemers, M.; et<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwM\">\u00a0<\/span>al. (2014). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/174182\/53714349\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwQ\" target=\"_new\">\"<i id=\"rdp-we-mwAwU\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAwY\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/IUCN_Red_List\" title=\"IUCN Red List\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwc\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species<\/a><\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwAwg\">2014<\/b> e.T174182A53714349<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwk\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAwo\">29 October<\/span> 2021<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&amp;rft.atitle=Euphydryas+aurinia&amp;rft.volume=2014&amp;rft.artnum=e.T174182A53714349&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft.aulast=van+Swaay&amp;rft.aufirst=C.&amp;rft.au=Wynhoff%2C+I.&amp;rft.au=Wiemers%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=Katbeh-Bader%2C+A.&amp;rft.au=Power%2C+A.&amp;rft.au=Benyamini%2C+D.&amp;rft.au=Tzirkalli%2C+E.&amp;rft.au=Balletto%2C+E.&amp;rft.au=Monteiro%2C+E.&amp;rft.au=Kara%C3%A7etin%2C+E.&amp;rft.au=Franeta%2C+F.&amp;rft.au=Pe%27er%2C+G.&amp;rft.au=Welch%2C+H.&amp;rft.au=Thompson%2C+K.&amp;rft.au=Pamperis%2C+L.&amp;rft.au=Dapporto%2C+L.&amp;rft.au=%C5%A0a%C5%A1i%C4%87%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=L%C3%B3pez+Munguira%2C+M.&amp;rft.au=Micevski%2C+N.&amp;rft.au=Dupont%2C+P.&amp;rft.au=Garcia-Pereira%2C+P.&amp;rft.au=Moulai%2C+R.&amp;rft.au=Caruana%2C+R.&amp;rft.au=Verovnik%2C+R.&amp;rft.au=Bonelli%2C+S.&amp;rft.au=Beshkov%2C+S.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F174182%2F53714349&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAws\"><\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Cite_IUCN_without_doi\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAww\"\/><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-2\" id=\"cite_note-2\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAw0\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAw4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAw8\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-2\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.lepiforum.de\/lepiwiki.pl?Euphydryas_Aurinia\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxA\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwAxE\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Rottemburg, 1775) Goldener Scheckenfalter<\/a>. Lepiforum.de<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-3\" id=\"cite_note-3\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxI\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxM\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxQ\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-3\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">Fruhstorfer, H.  1917 Neue Rhopaloceren aus der Sammlung Leonhard <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAxU\">Archiv Naturg<\/i>. 82 A (2)<span typeof=\"mw:DisplaySpace\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxY\">\u00a0<\/span>: 1-28, pl. 1 <\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-4\" id=\"cite_note-4\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxc\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxg\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxk\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-4\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">Christoph, H. T. 1893 Lepidoptera Nova Faunae Palaearcticae <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAxo\">Dt. Ent. Z. Iris<\/i> 6 (1)<span typeof=\"mw:DisplaySpace\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxs\">\u00a0<\/span>: 86-96<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-5\" id=\"cite_note-5\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAxw\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAx0\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAx4\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-5\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"> Lederer, J. 1853 Versuch die europ\u00e4ischen Lepidopteren (einschlissig der ihrem Habitus nach noch zure europ\u00e4ischen Fauna geh\u00f6rigen Arten Labradors, der asiatischen T\u00fcrkei un des asiatischen Russlands) in m\u00f6glichst nat\u00fcrliche Reihenfolge zu stellen, nebst Bemerkungen zu eineg Familien und Arten. Rhopaloceren &amp; Heteroceren <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAx8\">Verh. zool.-bot. Ver. Wien<\/i> 2 (Abh.)<span typeof=\"mw:DisplaySpace\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyA\">\u00a0<\/span>: 14-54 (Rhopaloceren)<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-6\" id=\"cite_note-6\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyE\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyI\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyM\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-6\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><span class=\"noviewer\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion mw:File\" about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"citation-attribution\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Citation-attribution\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Seitz, A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, &apos;&apos;Die Gro\u00dfschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter&apos;&apos;, 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren)\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><span id=\"rdp-we-mwAyU\"><img resource=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:PD-icon.svg\" src=\"https:\/\/thumb.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/thumb\/6\/62\/PD-icon.svg\/20px-PD-icon.svg.png?utm_source=en.wikipedia.org&amp;utm_campaign=parser&amp;utm_content=thumbnail\" decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Public Domain\" data-file-type=\"drawing\" height=\"12\" width=\"12\" class=\"mw-file-element\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyY\"\/><\/span><\/span><span about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyc\"> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <\/span><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Public_domain\" title=\"Public domain\" about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyg\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">public domain<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyk\">:<\/span><span about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyo\"> Seitz, A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, <\/span><i about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAys\">Die Gro\u00dfschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter<\/i><span about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAyw\">, 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren)<\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Source_attribution\" about=\"#mwt15\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAy0\"\/><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-7\" id=\"cite_note-7\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAy4\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAy8\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzA\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-7\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"> Betz, J.-T. (1956). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAzE\">Melitaea aurinia<\/i> Rott. en Alg\u00e9rie. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAzI\">Revue fran\u00e7aise de L\u00e9pidopt\u00e9rologie<\/i>, 15 (6): 144.<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-8\" id=\"cite_note-8\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzM\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzQ\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzU\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-8\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">Boisduval, J. B. 1828 <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAzY\">Europaeorum Lepidopterorum Index Methodicus<\/i>: 1-103<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-9\" id=\"cite_note-9\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzc\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzg\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzk\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-9\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"> Oberth\u00fcr, C. 1909 Notes pour servir \u00e0 \u00e9tablir la Faune Francaise et Algeri\u00e9nne des L\u00e9pidopt\u00e8res <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAzo\">\u00c9tud. L\u00e9pid. Comp<\/i>. 3<span typeof=\"mw:DisplaySpace\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzs\">\u00a0<\/span>: 101-400, 405-415, pl. 11,16-20,23-26 <\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-10\" id=\"cite_note-10\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAzw\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAz0\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwAz4\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-10\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\">Korb, S.K. &amp; Bolshakov, L.V. 2011a. Taxonomic notes upon the genus <i id=\"rdp-we-mwAz8\">Euphydryas<\/i> Scudder, 1872 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA0A\">Eversmannia<\/i>25-26: 25-33.<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-CC-11\" id=\"cite_note-CC-11\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"11\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0E\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-CC_11-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0I\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0M\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CC_11-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0U\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CC_11-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0Y\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0c\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-CC_11-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0g\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0k\">4<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-CC-11\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt24\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0o\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite web \",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_web\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/www.butterfly-guide.co.uk\/species\/fritillaries\/ukl11.htm\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Butterfly Guide by Matt Rowlings\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"30 January 2017\"},\"archive-url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180527113955\/http:\/\/butterfly-guide.co.uk\/species\/fritillaries\/ukl11.htm\"},\"archive-date\":{\"wt\":\"27 May 2018\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt24\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0s\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180527113955\/http:\/\/butterfly-guide.co.uk\/species\/fritillaries\/ukl11.htm\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA0w\" target=\"_new\">\"Butterfly Guide by Matt Rowlings\"<\/a>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.butterfly-guide.co.uk\/species\/fritillaries\/ukl11.htm\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA00\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 27 May 2018<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA04\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA08\">30 January<\/span> 2017<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Butterfly+Guide+by+Matt+Rowlings&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.butterfly-guide.co.uk%2Fspecies%2Ffritillaries%2Fukl11.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt24\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1A\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-DD-12\" id=\"cite_note-DD-12\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"12\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1E\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-DD_12-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1I\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1M\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-DD_12-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1U\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-DD-12\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ukbutterflies.co.uk\/species.php?species=aurinia\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1Y\" target=\"_new\">Marsh Fritillary <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA1c\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i><\/a>. UK Butterflies<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-13\" id=\"cite_note-13\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1g\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1k\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1o\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-13\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=79MSnjLtHoEC&pg=PT202\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA1s\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwA1w\">RSPB Wildlife of Britain<\/i><\/a>. Dorling Kindersley Ltd, 2011, p. 220, <link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt28\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA10\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"ISBN\",\"href\":\".\/Template:ISBN\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"1405369965\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" about=\"#mwt28\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA14\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" about=\"#mwt28\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA18\">\u00a0<\/span><bdi id=\"rdp-we-mwA2E\">1405369965<\/bdi><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-AA-14\" id=\"cite_note-AA-14\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"14\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2I\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-AA_14-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2M\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2Q\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-AA_14-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2U\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2Y\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-AA-14\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nic.funet.fi\/pub\/sci\/bio\/life\/insecta\/lepidoptera\/ditrysia\/papilionoidea\/nymphalidae\/nymphalinae\/euphydryas\/index.html\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2c\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwA2g\">Euphydryas<\/i> Scudder, 1872<\/a>. Funet<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-15\" id=\"cite_note-15\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2k\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2o\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2s\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-15\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160304194953\/http:\/\/www.faunaeur.org\/full_results.php?id=441632\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA2w\" target=\"_new\">Fauna europaea<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-BB-16\" id=\"cite_note-BB-16\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"16\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA20\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-BB_16-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA24\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA28\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-BB_16-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3A\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3E\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-BB_16-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3I\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3M\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-BB_16-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3U\">4<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-BB_16-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3Y\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3c\">5<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-BB-16\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/jncc.defra.gov.uk\/protectedsites\/SACselection\/species.asp?FeatureIntCode=S1065\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3g\" target=\"_new\">1065 Marsh fritillary butterfly <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA3k\">Euphydryas (Eurodryas, Hypodryas) aurinia<\/i><\/a> <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181119025049\/http:\/\/jncc.defra.gov.uk\/ProtectedSites\/SACselection\/species.asp?FeatureIntCode=S1065\" about=\"#mwt35\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3o\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Webarchive\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Webarchive\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20181119025049\/http:\/\/jncc.defra.gov.uk\/ProtectedSites\/SACselection\/species.asp?FeatureIntCode=S1065\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"19 November 2018\"}},\"i\":0}}]}' target=\"_new\">Archived<\/a><span about=\"#mwt35\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3s\"> 19 November 2018 at the <\/span><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\" about=\"#mwt35\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA3w\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wayback Machine<\/a><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links\" about=\"#mwt35\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA30\"\/>. Joint Nature Conservation Committee UK<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:0-17\" id=\"cite_note-:0-17\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"17\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA34\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_17-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA38\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4A\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_17-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4E\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4I\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:0-17\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt38\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4M\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Wahlberg\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Niklas\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Klemetti\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Teemu\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Hanski\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Ilkka\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1 April 2002\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Dynamic populations in a dynamic landscape: the metapopulation structure of the marsh fritillary butterfly\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Ecography\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"25\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"2\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"224\u2013232\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1034\/j.1600-0587.2002.250210.x\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2002Ecogr..25..224W\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFWahlbergKlemettiHanski2002\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt38\">Wahlberg, Niklas; Klemetti, Teemu; Hanski, Ilkka (1 April 2002). \"Dynamic populations in a dynamic landscape: the metapopulation structure of the marsh fritillary butterfly\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA4Q\">Ecography<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwA4U\">25<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4Y\">224\u2013<\/span>232. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4c\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2002Ecogr..25..224W\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4g\" target=\"_new\">2002Ecogr..25..224W<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4k\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034%2Fj.1600-0587.2002.250210.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4o\" target=\"_new\">10.1034\/j.1600-0587.2002.250210.x<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Ecography&amp;rft.atitle=Dynamic+populations+in+a+dynamic+landscape%3A+the+metapopulation+structure+of+the+marsh+fritillary+butterfly&amp;rft.volume=25&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=224-232&amp;rft.date=2002-04-01&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1034%2Fj.1600-0587.2002.250210.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002Ecogr..25..224W&amp;rft.aulast=Wahlberg&amp;rft.aufirst=Niklas&amp;rft.au=Klemetti%2C+Teemu&amp;rft.au=Hanski%2C+Ilkka&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt38\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4s\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:1-18\" id=\"cite_note-:1-18\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"18\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA4w\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA40\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA44\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA48\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5A\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5E\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5I\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5M\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5Q\">4<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-4\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5U\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5Y\">5<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-5\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5c\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5g\">6<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-6\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5k\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5o\">7<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-7\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5s\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA5w\">8<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-8\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA50\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA54\">9<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_18-9\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA58\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6A\">10<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:1-18\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt41\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6E\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite thesis\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_thesis\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/ore.exeter.ac.uk\/repository\/bitstream\/handle\/10036\/3223\/SmeeM.pdf?sequence=2\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Population Ecology and Genetics of the Marsh Fritillary Butterfly &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;\"},\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Smee\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"Melanie R.\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"June 2011\"},\"type\":{\"wt\":\"PhD thesis\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"University of Exeter\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSmee2011\" class=\"citation thesis cs1\" about=\"#mwt41\">Smee, Melanie R. (June 2011). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/ore.exeter.ac.uk\/repository\/bitstream\/handle\/10036\/3223\/SmeeM.pdf?sequence=2\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6I\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwA6M\">Population Ecology and Genetics of the Marsh Fritillary Butterfly <\/i>Euphydryas aurinia<i id=\"rdp-we-mwA6Q\"><span id=\"rdp-we-mwA6U\"><\/span><\/i><\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6Y\">(PDF)<\/span> (PhD thesis). University of Exeter.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&amp;rft.title=Population+Ecology+and+Genetics+of+the+Marsh+Fritillary+Butterfly+Euphydryas+aurinia&amp;rft.inst=University+of+Exeter&amp;rft.date=2011-06&amp;rft.aulast=Smee&amp;rft.aufirst=Melanie+R.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fore.exeter.ac.uk%2Frepository%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10036%2F3223%2FSmeeM.pdf%3Fsequence%3D2&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt41\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6c\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-19\" id=\"cite_note-19\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6g\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-19\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6k\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6o\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-19\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwA6s\">Wild Devon The Magazine of the Devon Wildlife Trust<\/i>, p. 8, Winter 2009 edition<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-20\" id=\"cite_note-20\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA6w\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-20\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA60\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA64\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-20\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt48\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA68\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite news\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_news\"},\"params\":{\"work\":{\"wt\":\"BBC News\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"4 October 2018\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Rare butterfly returns to Carmarthenshire after 50-year absence\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-wales-45747052\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"4 October 2018\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation news cs1\" about=\"#mwt48\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7A\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-wales-45747052\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7E\" target=\"_new\">\"Rare butterfly returns to Carmarthenshire after 50-year absence\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA7I\">BBC News<\/i>. 4 October 2018<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7M\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7Q\">4 October<\/span> 2018<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Rare+butterfly+returns+to+Carmarthenshire+after+50-year+absence&amp;rft.date=2018-10-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-wales-45747052&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt48\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7U\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-21\" id=\"cite_note-21\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7Y\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7c\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7g\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-21\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt51\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7k\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite web\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_web\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/www.nationalredlist.org\/species-information\/?speciesID=218505\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Euphydryas aurinia {{!}} Species Information {{!}} Regional Red List\"},\"website\":{\"wt\":\"www.nationalredlist.org\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"2020-02-03\"},\"archive-date\":{\"wt\":\"16 April 2021\"},\"archive-url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210416022822\/https:\/\/www.nationalredlist.org\/species-information\/?speciesID=218505\"},\"url-status\":{\"wt\":\"dead\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite class=\"citation web cs1\" about=\"#mwt51\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7o\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20210416022822\/https:\/\/www.nationalredlist.org\/species-information\/?speciesID=218505\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA7s\" target=\"_new\">\"Euphydryas aurinia | Species Information | Regional Red List\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA7w\">www.nationalredlist.org<\/i>. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalredlist.org\/species-information\/?speciesID=218505\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA70\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 16 April 2021<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA74\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA78\">3 February<\/span> 2020<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.nationalredlist.org&amp;rft.atitle=Euphydryas+aurinia+%7C+Species+Information+%7C+Regional+Red+List&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalredlist.org%2Fspecies-information%2F%3FspeciesID%3D218505&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt51\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8A\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-22\" id=\"cite_note-22\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8E\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8I\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8M\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-22\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt54\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8Q\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last\":{\"wt\":\"\u0160vitra\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"Giedrius\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"New data on the distribution of &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; (ROTTEMBURG, 1775)(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in Lithuania\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"21\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"112\u2013120\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/www.entomologai.lt\/leidiniai\/category\/27-volume-21-2009?download=88:vol-21-p-112-120-svitra-g-new-data-on-the-distribution-of-euphydryas-aurinia-lepidoptera-nymphalidae-in-lithuania\"},\"archive-date\":{\"wt\":\"29 October 2021\"},\"access-date\":{\"wt\":\"29 October 2021\"},\"archive-url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211029065659\/http:\/\/www.entomologai.lt\/leidiniai\/category\/27-volume-21-2009?download=88:vol-21-p-112-120-svitra-g-new-data-on-the-distribution-of-euphydryas-aurinia-lepidoptera-nymphalidae-in-lithuania\"},\"url-status\":{\"wt\":\"dead\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREF\u0160vitra\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt54\">\u0160vitra, Giedrius. <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20211029065659\/http:\/\/www.entomologai.lt\/leidiniai\/category\/27-volume-21-2009?download=88:vol-21-p-112-120-svitra-g-new-data-on-the-distribution-of-euphydryas-aurinia-lepidoptera-nymphalidae-in-lithuania\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8U\" target=\"_new\">\"New data on the distribution of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA8Y\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (ROTTEMBURG, 1775)(Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in Lithuania\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA8c\">New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwA8g\">21<\/b>: <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8k\">112\u2013<\/span>120. Archived from <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.entomologai.lt\/leidiniai\/category\/27-volume-21-2009?download=88:vol-21-p-112-120-svitra-g-new-data-on-the-distribution-of-euphydryas-aurinia-lepidoptera-nymphalidae-in-lithuania\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8o\" target=\"_new\">the original<\/a> on 29 October 2021<span class=\"reference-accessdate\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8s\">. Retrieved <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA8w\">29 October<\/span> 2021<\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+and+Rare+for+Lithuania+Insect+Species&amp;rft.atitle=New+data+on+the+distribution+of+Euphydryas+aurinia+%28ROTTEMBURG%2C+1775%29%28Lepidoptera%2C+Nymphalidae%29+in+Lithuania&amp;rft.volume=21&amp;rft.pages=112-120&amp;rft.aulast=%C5%A0vitra&amp;rft.aufirst=Giedrius&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.entomologai.lt%2Fleidiniai%2Fcategory%2F27-volume-21-2009%3Fdownload%3D88%3Avol-21-p-112-120-svitra-g-new-data-on-the-distribution-of-euphydryas-aurinia-lepidoptera-nymphalidae-in-lithuania&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt54\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA80\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-23\" id=\"cite_note-23\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA84\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA88\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9A\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-23\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt58\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9E\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"cite journal 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id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFKorenLau\u0161\u0160a\u0161i\u0107Mihoci2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt58\">Koren, Toni; Lau\u0161, Boris; \u0160a\u0161i\u0107, Martina; Mihoci, Iva; \u0160tih, Ana; Brali\u0107, Petra; Gomboc, Stanislav (31 December 2017). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/hrcak.srce.hr\/191533\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9I\" target=\"_new\">\"Contribution to the Knowledge of the Butterfly Fauna (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Hrvatsko Zagorje, Croatia\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA9M\">Natura Croatica: Periodicum Musei Historiae Naturalis Croatici<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwA9Q\">26<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9U\">167\u2013<\/span>196. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9Y\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20302%2FNC.2017.26.15\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9c\" target=\"_new\">10.20302\/NC.2017.26.15<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/EISSN_(identifier)\" title=\"EISSN (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9g\" target=\"_new\">eISSN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9k\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/issn\/1848-7386\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9o\" target=\"_new\">1848-7386<\/a>.<\/cite><span 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rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA9w\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_24-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA90\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA94\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_24-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA98\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-A\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:2-24\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt64\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-E\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Pe\u00f1uelas\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Josep\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Filella\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Iolanda\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Stefanescu\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Constant\u00ed\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Llusi\u00e0\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Joan\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2005\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Caterpillars of &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) feeding on &apos;&apos;Succisa pratensis&apos;&apos; leaves induce large foliar emissions of methanol\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"New Phytologist\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"167\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"851\u2013857\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01459.x\"},\"pmid\":{\"wt\":\"16101921\"},\"doi-access\":{\"wt\":\"free\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2005NewPh.167..851P\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPe\u00f1uelasFilellaStefanescuLlusi\u00e02005\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt64\">Pe\u00f1uelas, Josep; Filella, Iolanda; Stefanescu, Constant\u00ed; Llusi\u00e0, Joan (2005). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2005.01459.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-I\" target=\"_new\">\"Caterpillars of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA-M\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) feeding on <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA-Q\">Succisa pratensis<\/i> leaves induce large foliar emissions of methanol\"<\/a>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA-U\">New Phytologist<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwA-Y\">167<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-c\">851\u2013<\/span>857. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-g\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2005NewPh.167..851P\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-k\" target=\"_new\">2005NewPh.167..851P<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-o\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-s\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2005.01459.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-w\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01459.x<\/a><\/span>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/PMID_(identifier)\" title=\"PMID (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-0\" target=\"_new\">PMID<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-4\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/16101921\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA-8\" target=\"_new\">16101921<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&amp;rft.atitle=Caterpillars+of+Euphydryas+aurinia+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Nymphalidae%29+feeding+on+Succisa+pratensis+leaves+induce+large+foliar+emissions+of+methanol&amp;rft.volume=167&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=851-857&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16101921&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1469-8137.2005.01459.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005NewPh.167..851P&amp;rft.aulast=Pe%C3%B1uelas&amp;rft.aufirst=Josep&amp;rft.au=Filella%2C+Iolanda&amp;rft.au=Stefanescu%2C+Constant%C3%AD&amp;rft.au=Llusi%C3%A0%2C+Joan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%252Fj.1469-8137.2005.01459.x&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt64\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_A\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:7-25\" id=\"cite_note-:7-25\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"25\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_E\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_25-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_I\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_M\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_25-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_Q\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_U\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:7-25\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt68\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_Y\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Schtickzelle\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Nicolas\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Choutt\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Julie\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Goffart\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Philippe\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Fichefet\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Violaine\"},\"last5\":{\"wt\":\"Baguette\"},\"first5\":{\"wt\":\"Michel\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2005\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Metapopulation dynamics and conservation of the marsh fritillary butterfly: Population viability analysis and management options for a critically endangered species in Western Europe\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Biological Conservation\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"126\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"4\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"569\u2013581\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1016\/j.biocon.2005.06.030\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2005BCons.126..569S\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFSchtickzelleChouttGoffartFichefet2005\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt68\">Schtickzelle, Nicolas; Choutt, Julie; Goffart, Philippe; Fichefet, Violaine; Baguette, Michel (2005). \"Metapopulation dynamics and conservation of the marsh fritillary butterfly: Population viability analysis and management options for a critically endangered species in Western Europe\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwA_c\">Biological Conservation<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwA_g\">126<\/b> (4): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_k\">569\u2013<\/span>581. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_o\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2005BCons.126..569S\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_s\" target=\"_new\">2005BCons.126..569S<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_w\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2005.06.030\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_0\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.biocon.2005.06.030<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&amp;rft.atitle=Metapopulation+dynamics+and+conservation+of+the+marsh+fritillary+butterfly%3A+Population+viability+analysis+and+management+options+for+a+critically+endangered+species+in+Western+Europe&amp;rft.volume=126&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=569-581&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2005.06.030&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005BCons.126..569S&amp;rft.aulast=Schtickzelle&amp;rft.aufirst=Nicolas&amp;rft.au=Choutt%2C+Julie&amp;rft.au=Goffart%2C+Philippe&amp;rft.au=Fichefet%2C+Violaine&amp;rft.au=Baguette%2C+Michel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt68\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_4\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-26\" id=\"cite_note-26\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwA_8\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAE\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-26\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt71\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAI\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite book\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_book\"},\"params\":{\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Pocket guide to butterflies\"},\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Gibbons\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Bob\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Revels\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Richard\"},\"isbn\":{\"wt\":\"978-1-4729-1594-8\"},\"location\":{\"wt\":\"London\"},\"oclc\":{\"wt\":\"903644054\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"12 March 2015\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFGibbonsRevels2015\" class=\"citation book cs1\" about=\"#mwt71\">Gibbons, Bob; Revels, Richard (12 March 2015). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBAM\">Pocket guide to butterflies<\/i>. London. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAQ\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAU\">\u00a0<\/span><bdi id=\"rdp-we-mwBAc\">978-1-4729-1594-8<\/bdi>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\" title=\"OCLC (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAg\" target=\"_new\">OCLC<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAk\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/903644054\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAo\" target=\"_new\">903644054<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pocket+guide+to+butterflies&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.date=2015-03-12&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F903644054&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4729-1594-8&amp;rft.aulast=Gibbons&amp;rft.aufirst=Bob&amp;rft.au=Revels%2C+Richard&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt71\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAs\"><\/span><span class=\"cs1-maint citation-comment\" about=\"#mwt71\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBAw\"><code class=\"cs1-code\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBA0\">{{<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Cite_book\" title=\"Template:Cite book\" id=\"mwBA4\">cite book<\/a>}}<\/code>:  CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher\" title=\"Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBA8\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">link<\/a>)<\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher\" about=\"#mwt71\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBA\"\/><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:3-27\" id=\"cite_note-:3-27\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"27\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBE\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_27-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBI\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBM\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_27-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBQ\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBU\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_27-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBY\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBc\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_27-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBg\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBk\">4<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:3-27\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt75\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBo\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Stefanescu\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"Constanti\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2006\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Females of the specialist butterfly &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; (Lepidoptera: Nymphalinae: Melitaeini) select the greenest leaves of &apos;&apos;Lonicera implexa&apos;&apos; (Caprifoliaceae) for oviposition\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/www.creaf.uab.es\/global-ecology\/Pdfs_UEG\/stefanescuetalEJE2006.pdf\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"European Journal of Entomology\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"103\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"569\u2013574\"},\"via\":{\"wt\":\"CREAF\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.14411\/eje.2006.077\"},\"doi-access\":{\"wt\":\"free\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2006EJEnt.103..569S\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFStefanescu2006\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt75\">Stefanescu, Constanti (2006). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.creaf.uab.es\/global-ecology\/Pdfs_UEG\/stefanescuetalEJE2006.pdf\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBBs\" target=\"_new\">\"Females of the specialist butterfly <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBBw\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Lepidoptera: Nymphalinae: Melitaeini) select the greenest leaves of <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBB0\">Lonicera implexa<\/i> (Caprifoliaceae) for oviposition\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBB4\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBB8\">European Journal of Entomology<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBCA\">103<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCE\">569\u2013<\/span>574. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCI\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2006EJEnt.103..569S\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCM\" target=\"_new\">2006EJEnt.103..569S<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCQ\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCU\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14411%2Feje.2006.077\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCY\" target=\"_new\">10.14411\/eje.2006.077<\/a><\/span> <span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCc\">\u2013<\/span> via CREAF.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Entomology&amp;rft.atitle=Females+of+the+specialist+butterfly+Euphydryas+aurinia+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Nymphalinae%3A+Melitaeini%29+select+the+greenest+leaves+of+Lonicera+implexa+%28Caprifoliaceae%29+for+oviposition&amp;rft.volume=103&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=569-574&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14411%2Feje.2006.077&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006EJEnt.103..569S&amp;rft.aulast=Stefanescu&amp;rft.aufirst=Constanti&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creaf.uab.es%2Fglobal-ecology%2FPdfs_UEG%2FstefanescuetalEJE2006.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt75\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCg\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:4-28\" id=\"cite_note-:4-28\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"28\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCk\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_28-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCs\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_28-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBCw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBC0\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:4-28\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt78\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBC4\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Anthes\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Nils\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Fartmann\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Thomas\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Hermann\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Gabriel\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Kaule\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Giselher\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2003\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Combining larval habitat quality and metapopulation structure \u2013 the key for successful management of pre-alpine &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; colonies\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Journal of Insect Conservation\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"7\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"175\u2013185\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1023\/A:1027330422958\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2003JICon...7..175A\"},\"s2cid\":{\"wt\":\"25096413\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFAnthesFartmannHermannKaule2003\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt78\">Anthes, Nils; Fartmann, Thomas; Hermann, Gabriel; Kaule, Giselher (2003). \"Combining larval habitat quality and metapopulation structure \u2013 the key for successful management of pre-alpine <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBC8\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> colonies\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBDA\">Journal of Insect Conservation<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBDE\">7<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDI\">175\u2013<\/span>185. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDM\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2003JICon...7..175A\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDQ\" target=\"_new\">2003JICon...7..175A<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDU\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023%2FA%3A1027330422958\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDY\" target=\"_new\">10.1023\/A:1027330422958<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDc\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDg\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:25096413\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDk\" target=\"_new\">25096413<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Conservation&amp;rft.atitle=Combining+larval+habitat+quality+and+metapopulation+structure+%E2%80%93+the+key+for+successful+management+of+pre-alpine+Euphydryas+aurinia+colonies&amp;rft.volume=7&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=175-185&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A25096413%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2FA%3A1027330422958&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003JICon...7..175A&amp;rft.aulast=Anthes&amp;rft.aufirst=Nils&amp;rft.au=Fartmann%2C+Thomas&amp;rft.au=Hermann%2C+Gabriel&amp;rft.au=Kaule%2C+Giselher&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt78\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDo\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:5-29\" id=\"cite_note-:5-29\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"29\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDs\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_29-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBDw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBD0\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_29-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBD4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBD8\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:5-29\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt81\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEA\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Konvicka\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"Martin\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2003\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Habitat of pre-hibernating larvae of the endangered butterfly &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): What can be learned from vegetation composition and architecture?\"},\"url\":{\"wt\":\"http:\/\/baloun.entu.cas.cz\/~fric\/eje_2003_Konvicka.pdf\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"European Journal of Entomology\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"100\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"313\u2013322\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.14411\/eje.2003.050\"},\"doi-access\":{\"wt\":\"free\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2003EJEnt.100..313K\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFKonvicka2003\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt81\">Konvicka, Martin (2003). <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/baloun.entu.cas.cz\/~fric\/eje_2003_Konvicka.pdf\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEE\" target=\"_new\">\"Habitat of pre-hibernating larvae of the endangered butterfly <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBEI\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): What can be learned from vegetation composition and architecture?\"<\/a> <span class=\"cs1-format\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEM\">(PDF)<\/span>. <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBEQ\">European Journal of Entomology<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBEU\">100<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEY\">313\u2013<\/span>322. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEc\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2003EJEnt.100..313K\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEg\" target=\"_new\">2003EJEnt.100..313K<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEk\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<span class=\"id-lock-free\" title=\"Freely accessible\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEo\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14411%2Feje.2003.050\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEs\" target=\"_new\">10.14411\/eje.2003.050<\/a><\/span>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Entomology&amp;rft.atitle=Habitat+of+pre-hibernating+larvae+of+the+endangered+butterfly+Euphydryas+aurinia+%28Lepidoptera%3A+Nymphalidae%29%3A+What+can+be+learned+from+vegetation+composition+and+architecture%3F&amp;rft.volume=100&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=313-322&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.14411%2Feje.2003.050&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003EJEnt.100..313K&amp;rft.aulast=Konvicka&amp;rft.aufirst=Martin&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbaloun.entu.cas.cz%2F~fric%2Feje_2003_Konvicka.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt81\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBEw\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:8-30\" id=\"cite_note-:8-30\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"30\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBE0\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_30-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBE4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBE8\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_30-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFE\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:8-30\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt85\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFI\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Liu\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Wenhua\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Wang\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Yifei\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Xu\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Rumei\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2006\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Habitat utilization by ovipositing females and larvae of the Marsh fritillary (&apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;) in a mosaic of meadows and croplands\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Journal of Insect Conservation\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"10\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"4\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"351\u2013360\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1007\/s10841-006-9009-x\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2006JICon..10..351L\"},\"s2cid\":{\"wt\":\"20578728\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFLiuWangXu2006\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt85\">Liu, Wenhua; Wang, Yifei; Xu, Rumei (2006). \"Habitat utilization by ovipositing females and larvae of the Marsh fritillary (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwBFM\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>) in a mosaic of meadows and croplands\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBFQ\">Journal of Insect Conservation<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBFU\">10<\/b> (4): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFY\">351\u2013<\/span>360. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFc\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2006JICon..10..351L\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFg\" target=\"_new\">2006JICon..10..351L<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFk\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007%2Fs10841-006-9009-x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFo\" target=\"_new\">10.1007\/s10841-006-9009-x<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFs\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBFw\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:20578728\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBF0\" target=\"_new\">20578728<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Insect+Conservation&amp;rft.atitle=Habitat+utilization+by+ovipositing+females+and+larvae+of+the+Marsh+fritillary+%28Euphydryas+aurinia%29+in+a+mosaic+of+meadows+and+croplands&amp;rft.volume=10&amp;rft.issue=4&amp;rft.pages=351-360&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20578728%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10841-006-9009-x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006JICon..10..351L&amp;rft.aulast=Liu&amp;rft.aufirst=Wenhua&amp;rft.au=Wang%2C+Yifei&amp;rft.au=Xu%2C+Rumei&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt85\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBF4\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-31\" id=\"cite_note-31\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBF8\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-31\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGE\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-31\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt92\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGI\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Porter\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"Keith\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1982\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Basking behaviour in larvae of the butterfly &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;\"},\"jstor\":{\"wt\":\"3544670\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Oikos\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"38\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"308\u2013312\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.2307\/3544670\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"1982Oikos..38..308P\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPorter1982\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt92\">Porter, Keith (1982). \"Basking behaviour in larvae of the butterfly <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBGM\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBGQ\">Oikos<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBGU\">38<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGY\">308\u2013<\/span>312. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGc\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/1982Oikos..38..308P\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGg\" target=\"_new\">1982Oikos..38..308P<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGk\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307%2F3544670\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGo\" target=\"_new\">10.2307\/3544670<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/JSTOR_(identifier)\" title=\"JSTOR (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGs\" target=\"_new\">JSTOR<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBGw\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/3544670\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBG0\" target=\"_new\">3544670<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Oikos&amp;rft.atitle=Basking+behaviour+in+larvae+of+the+butterfly+Euphydryas+aurinia&amp;rft.volume=38&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=308-312&amp;rft.date=1982&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3544670%23id-name%3DJSTOR&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3544670&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1982Oikos..38..308P&amp;rft.aulast=Porter&amp;rft.aufirst=Keith&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt92\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBG4\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-32\" id=\"cite_note-32\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBG8\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-32\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHA\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHE\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-32\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.butterfly-conservation-armenia.org\/euphydryas-aurinia.html\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHI\" target=\"_new\"><i id=\"rdp-we-mwBHM\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> (Rottemburg, 1775)<\/a>. Butterflies Conservation in Armenia<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-33\" id=\"cite_note-33\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHQ\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHU\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHY\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-33\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt101\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHc\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Wang\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Rongjiang\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Wang\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Yifei\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Chen\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Jiejun\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Lei\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Guangchun\"},\"last5\":{\"wt\":\"Xu\"},\"first5\":{\"wt\":\"Rumei\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1 June 2004\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Contrasting movement patterns in two species of chequerspot butterflies, &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos; and &apos;&apos;Melitaea phoebe&apos;&apos;, in the same patch network\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Ecological Entomology\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"29\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"367\u2013374\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1111\/j.0307-6946.2004.00610.x\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2004EcoEn..29..367W\"},\"s2cid\":{\"wt\":\"84884834\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFWangWangChenLei2004\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt101\">Wang, Rongjiang; Wang, Yifei; Chen, Jiejun; Lei, Guangchun; Xu, Rumei (1 June 2004). \"Contrasting movement patterns in two species of chequerspot butterflies, <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBHg\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i> and <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBHk\">Melitaea phoebe<\/i>, in the same patch network\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBHo\">Ecological Entomology<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBHs\">29<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBHw\">367\u2013<\/span>374. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBH0\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2004EcoEn..29..367W\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBH4\" target=\"_new\">2004EcoEn..29..367W<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBH8\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.0307-6946.2004.00610.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIA\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.0307-6946.2004.00610.x<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIE\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBII\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:84884834\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIM\" target=\"_new\">84884834<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Ecological+Entomology&amp;rft.atitle=Contrasting+movement+patterns+in+two+species+of+chequerspot+butterflies%2C+Euphydryas+aurinia+and+Melitaea+phoebe%2C+in+the+same+patch+network&amp;rft.volume=29&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=367-374&amp;rft.date=2004-06-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84884834%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0307-6946.2004.00610.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2004EcoEn..29..367W&amp;rft.aulast=Wang&amp;rft.aufirst=Rongjiang&amp;rft.au=Wang%2C+Yifei&amp;rft.au=Chen%2C+Jiejun&amp;rft.au=Lei%2C+Guangchun&amp;rft.au=Xu%2C+Rumei&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt101\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIQ\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:6-34\" id=\"cite_note-:6-34\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"34\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIU\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_34-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIY\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIc\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_34-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIg\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIk\">2<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_34-2\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIs\">3<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_34-3\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBIw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBI0\">4<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:6-34\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt104\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBI4\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite book\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_book\"},\"params\":{\"title\":{\"wt\":\"On the wings of checkerspots: a model system for population biology\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2004\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"Oxford University Press\"},\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Ehrlich\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Paul R.\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Hanski\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Ilkka\"},\"isbn\":{\"wt\":\"978-0-19-515827-4\"},\"location\":{\"wt\":\"Oxford\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"164, 171, 225, 228\"},\"oclc\":{\"wt\":\"314216335\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFEhrlichHanski2004\" class=\"citation book cs1\" about=\"#mwt104\">Ehrlich, Paul R.; Hanski, Ilkka (2004). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBI8\">On the wings of checkerspots: a model system for population biology<\/i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJA\">\u00a0<\/span>164, 171, 225, 228. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJE\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJI\">\u00a0<\/span><bdi id=\"rdp-we-mwBJQ\">978-0-19-515827-4<\/bdi>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\" title=\"OCLC (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJU\" target=\"_new\">OCLC<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJY\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/314216335\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJc\" target=\"_new\">314216335<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=On+the+wings+of+checkerspots%3A+a+model+system+for+population+biology&amp;rft.place=Oxford&amp;rft.pages=164%2C+171%2C+225%2C+228&amp;rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F314216335&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-19-515827-4&amp;rft.aulast=Ehrlich&amp;rft.aufirst=Paul+R.&amp;rft.au=Hanski%2C+Ilkka&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt104\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJg\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-35\" id=\"cite_note-35\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"35\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJk\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-35\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJs\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-35\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt108\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBJw\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Joyce\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Domino A.\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Pullin\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Andrew S.\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"2003\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Conservation implications of the distribution of genetic diversity at different scales: a case study using the marsh fritillary butterfly (&apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;)\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Biological Conservation\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"114\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"3\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"453\u2013461\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1016\/S0006-3207(03)00087-9\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2003BCons.114..453J\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFJoycePullin2003\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt108\">Joyce, Domino A.; Pullin, Andrew S. (2003). \"Conservation implications of the distribution of genetic diversity at different scales: a case study using the marsh fritillary butterfly (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwBJ0\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>)\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBJ4\">Biological Conservation<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBJ8\">114<\/b> (3): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKA\">453\u2013<\/span>461. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKE\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2003BCons.114..453J\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKI\" target=\"_new\">2003BCons.114..453J<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKM\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2803%2900087-9\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKQ\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/S0006-3207(03)00087-9<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&amp;rft.atitle=Conservation+implications+of+the+distribution+of+genetic+diversity+at+different+scales%3A+a+case+study+using+the+marsh+fritillary+butterfly+%28Euphydryas+aurinia%29&amp;rft.volume=114&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=453-461&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0006-3207%2803%2900087-9&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2003BCons.114..453J&amp;rft.aulast=Joyce&amp;rft.aufirst=Domino+A.&amp;rft.au=Pullin%2C+Andrew+S.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt108\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKU\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-36\" id=\"cite_note-36\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"36\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKY\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-36\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKc\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKg\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-36\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt112\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKk\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite book\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_book\"},\"params\":{\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Britain&apos;s butterflies: a field guide to the butterflies of Britain and Ireland\"},\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Newland\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"D. E.\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Still\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Rob\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Swash\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Andy\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Tomlinson\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"David\"},\"isbn\":{\"wt\":\"978-1-4008-6601-4\"},\"edition\":{\"wt\":\"3rd, fully revised and updated\"},\"location\":{\"wt\":\"Princeton, New Jersey\"},\"oclc\":{\"wt\":\"905696306\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"15 April 2015\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFNewlandStillSwashTomlinson2015\" class=\"citation book cs1\" about=\"#mwt112\">Newland, D. E.; Still, Rob; Swash, Andy; Tomlinson, David (15 April 2015). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBKo\">Britain's butterflies: a field guide to the butterflies of Britain and Ireland<\/i> (3rd, fully revised and updated<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKs\">\u00a0<\/span>ed.). Princeton, New Jersey. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ISBN_(identifier)\" title=\"ISBN (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBKw\" target=\"_new\">ISBN<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBK0\">\u00a0<\/span><bdi id=\"rdp-we-mwBK8\">978-1-4008-6601-4<\/bdi>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/OCLC_(identifier)\" title=\"OCLC (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLA\" target=\"_new\">OCLC<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLE\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/oclc\/905696306\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLI\" target=\"_new\">905696306<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Britain%27s+butterflies%3A+a+field+guide+to+the+butterflies+of+Britain+and+Ireland&amp;rft.place=Princeton%2C+New+Jersey&amp;rft.edition=3rd%2C+fully+revised+and+updated&amp;rft.date=2015-04-15&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F905696306&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4008-6601-4&amp;rft.aulast=Newland&amp;rft.aufirst=D.+E.&amp;rft.au=Still%2C+Rob&amp;rft.au=Swash%2C+Andy&amp;rft.au=Tomlinson%2C+David&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt112\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLM\"><\/span><span class=\"cs1-maint citation-comment\" about=\"#mwt112\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLQ\"><code class=\"cs1-code\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLU\">{{<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Template:Cite_book\" title=\"Template:Cite book\" id=\"mwBLY\">cite book<\/a>}}<\/code>:  CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher\" title=\"Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLc\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">link<\/a>)<\/span><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher\" about=\"#mwt112\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLg\"\/><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-37\" id=\"cite_note-37\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"37\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLk\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-37\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLo\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLs\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-37\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080819152851\/http:\/\/www.learnaboutbutterflies.com\/Britain%20-%20Euphydryas%20aurinia.htm\" about=\"#mwt118\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBLw\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"usurped\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Usurped\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"[https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080819152851\/http:\/\/www.learnaboutbutterflies.com\/Britain%20-%20Euphydryas%20aurinia.htm Marsh Fritillary]\"}},\"i\":0}}]}' target=\"_new\">Marsh Fritillary<\/a>. Learn About Butterflies<\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-38\" id=\"cite_note-38\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"38\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBL0\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-38\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBL4\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBL8\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-38\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt120\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMA\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Porter\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"K.\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1983\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Multivoltinism in &apos;&apos;Apanteles bignellii&apos;&apos; and the influence of weather on synchronisation with its host &apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata\"},\"language\":{\"wt\":\"en\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"34\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"2\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"155\u2013162\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1983.tb03311.x\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"1983EEApp..34..155P\"},\"s2cid\":{\"wt\":\"84150848\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFPorter1983\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt120\">Porter, K. (1983). \"Multivoltinism in <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBME\">Apanteles bignellii<\/i> and the influence of weather on synchronisation with its host <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBMI\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBMM\">Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBMQ\">34<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMU\">155\u2013<\/span>162. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMY\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/1983EEApp..34..155P\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMc\" target=\"_new\">1983EEApp..34..155P<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMg\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1570-7458.1983.tb03311.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMk\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.1570-7458.1983.tb03311.x<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/S2CID_(identifier)\" title=\"S2CID (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMo\" target=\"_new\">S2CID<\/a><span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMs\">\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/api.semanticscholar.org\/CorpusID:84150848\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBMw\" target=\"_new\">84150848<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Entomologia+Experimentalis+et+Applicata&amp;rft.atitle=Multivoltinism+in+Apanteles+bignellii+and+the+influence+of+weather+on+synchronisation+with+its+host+Euphydryas+aurinia&amp;rft.volume=34&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=155-162&amp;rft.date=1983&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A84150848%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1570-7458.1983.tb03311.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1983EEApp..34..155P&amp;rft.aulast=Porter&amp;rft.aufirst=K.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt120\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBM0\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-39\" id=\"cite_note-39\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"39\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBM4\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-39\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBM8\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNA\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-39\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt126\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNE\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Ford\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"H.D.\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"Ford\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"E.B.\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1930\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Fluctuation in numbers and its influence on variation in &apos;&apos;Melitaea aurinia&apos;&apos;, Rott. (Lepidoptera)\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Transactions of the Entomological Society of London\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"78\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"2\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"345\u2013351\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1111\/j.1365-2311.1930.tb00392.x\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"1930EcoEn..78..345F\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFordFord1930\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt126\">Ford, H.D.; Ford, E.B. (1930). \"Fluctuation in numbers and its influence on variation in <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBNI\">Melitaea aurinia<\/i>, Rott. (Lepidoptera)\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBNM\">Transactions of the Entomological Society of London<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBNQ\">78<\/b> (2): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNU\">345\u2013<\/span>351. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNY\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/1930EcoEn..78..345F\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNc\" target=\"_new\">1930EcoEn..78..345F<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNg\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2311.1930.tb00392.x\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNk\" target=\"_new\">10.1111\/j.1365-2311.1930.tb00392.x<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+Entomological+Society+of+London&amp;rft.atitle=Fluctuation+in+numbers+and+its+influence+on+variation+in+Melitaea+aurinia%2C+Rott.+%28Lepidoptera%29&amp;rft.volume=78&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=345-351&amp;rft.date=1930&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-2311.1930.tb00392.x&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1930EcoEn..78..345F&amp;rft.aulast=Ford&amp;rft.aufirst=H.D.&amp;rft.au=Ford%2C+E.B.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt126\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNo\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-40\" id=\"cite_note-40\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"40\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNs\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-40\" rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBNw\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBN0\">\u2191<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-40\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt129\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBN4\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite book\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_book\"},\"params\":{\"title\":{\"wt\":\"Ecological Genetics\"},\"edition\":{\"wt\":\"4\"},\"last\":{\"wt\":\"Ford\"},\"first\":{\"wt\":\"E.B.\"},\"publisher\":{\"wt\":\"Chapman &amp; Hall\"},\"year\":{\"wt\":\"1975\"},\"location\":{\"wt\":\"London\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFFord1975\" class=\"citation book cs1\" about=\"#mwt129\">Ford, E.B. (1975). <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBN8\">Ecological Genetics<\/i> (4<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOA\">\u00a0<\/span>ed.). London: Chapman &amp; Hall.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ecological+Genetics&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.edition=4&amp;rft.pub=Chapman+%26+Hall&amp;rft.date=1975&amp;rft.aulast=Ford&amp;rft.aufirst=E.B.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt129\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOE\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li about=\"#cite_note-:9-41\" id=\"cite_note-:9-41\" data-mw-footnote-number=\"41\"><span rel=\"mw:referencedBy\" class=\"mw-cite-backlink\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOI\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:9_41-0\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOM\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOQ\">1<\/span><\/a> <a href=\"#cite_ref-:9_41-1\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOU\"><span class=\"mw-linkback-text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOY\">2<\/span><\/a><\/span> <span id=\"rdp-we-mw-reference-text-cite_note-:9-41\" class=\"mw-reference-text reference-text\"><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1333433106\" about=\"#mwt133\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOc\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Citation\/CS1\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"},\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Cite journal\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Cite_journal\"},\"params\":{\"last1\":{\"wt\":\"Brunbjerg\"},\"first1\":{\"wt\":\"Ane Kirstine\"},\"last2\":{\"wt\":\"H\u00f8ye\"},\"first2\":{\"wt\":\"Toke Thomas\"},\"last3\":{\"wt\":\"Eskildsen\"},\"first3\":{\"wt\":\"Anne\"},\"last4\":{\"wt\":\"Nygaard\"},\"first4\":{\"wt\":\"Bettina\"},\"last5\":{\"wt\":\"Damgaard\"},\"first5\":{\"wt\":\"Christian Fr\u00f8lund\"},\"last6\":{\"wt\":\"Ejrn\u00e6s\"},\"first6\":{\"wt\":\"Rasmus\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"1 July 2017\"},\"title\":{\"wt\":\"The collapse of marsh fritillary (&apos;&apos;Euphydryas aurinia&apos;&apos;) populations associated with declining host plant abundance\"},\"journal\":{\"wt\":\"Biological Conservation\"},\"volume\":{\"wt\":\"211\"},\"issue\":{\"wt\":\"Part A\"},\"pages\":{\"wt\":\"117\u2013124\"},\"doi\":{\"wt\":\"10.1016\/j.biocon.2017.05.015\"},\"bibcode\":{\"wt\":\"2017BCons.211..117B\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'\/><cite id=\"rdp-we-CITEREFBrunbjergH\u00f8yeEskildsenNygaard2017\" class=\"citation journal cs1\" about=\"#mwt133\">Brunbjerg, Ane Kirstine; H\u00f8ye, Toke Thomas; Eskildsen, Anne; Nygaard, Bettina; Damgaard, Christian Fr\u00f8lund; Ejrn\u00e6s, Rasmus (1 July 2017). \"The collapse of marsh fritillary (<i id=\"rdp-we-mwBOg\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/i>) populations associated with declining host plant abundance\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBOk\">Biological Conservation<\/i>. <b id=\"rdp-we-mwBOo\">211<\/b> (Part A): <span class=\"nowrap\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOs\">117\u2013<\/span>124. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bibcode_(identifier)\" title=\"Bibcode (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBOw\" target=\"_new\">Bibcode<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/scixplorer.org\/abs\/2017BCons.211..117B\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBO0\" target=\"_new\">2017BCons.211..117B<\/a>. <a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Doi_(identifier)\" title=\"Doi (identifier)\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBO4\" target=\"_new\">doi<\/a>:<a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2017.05.015\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBO8\" target=\"_new\">10.1016\/j.biocon.2017.05.015<\/a>.<\/cite><span title=\"ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Biological+Conservation&amp;rft.atitle=The+collapse+of+marsh+fritillary+%28Euphydryas+aurinia%29+populations+associated+with+declining+host+plant+abundance&amp;rft.volume=211&amp;rft.issue=Part+A&amp;rft.pages=117-124&amp;rft.date=2017-07-01&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2017.05.015&amp;rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017BCons.211..117B&amp;rft.aulast=Brunbjerg&amp;rft.aufirst=Ane+Kirstine&amp;rft.au=H%C3%B8ye%2C+Toke+Thomas&amp;rft.au=Eskildsen%2C+Anne&amp;rft.au=Nygaard%2C+Bettina&amp;rft.au=Damgaard%2C+Christian+Fr%C3%B8lund&amp;rft.au=Ejrn%C3%A6s%2C+Rasmus&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarsh+fritillary\" class=\"Z3988\" about=\"#mwt133\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPA\"><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/section><section data-mw-section-id=\"36\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPE\" aria-labelledby=\"External_links\"><div class=\"mw-heading mw-heading2\"><h2 id=\"rdp-we-External_links\">External links<\/h2><\/div>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt150\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPI\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Commons category\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Commons_category\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Euphydryas aurinia\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><\/span>\n<span class=\"mw-empty-elt\" about=\"#mwt154\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Wikispecies\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Wikispecies\"},\"params\":{\"1\":{\"wt\":\"Euphydryas aurinia\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1378947174\" about=\"#mwt155\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Module:Side box\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><link rel=\"mw-deduplicated-inline-style\" href=\"mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1384333369\" about=\"#mwt156\" typeof=\"mw:Extension\/templatestyles\" data-mw='{\"name\":\"templatestyles\",\"attrs\":{\"src\":\"Sister project\/styles.css\"},\"body\":{\"extsrc\":\"\"}}'\/><\/span>\n\n<ul id=\"rdp-we-mwBPY\"><li id=\"rdp-we-mwBPc\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.schmetterling-raupe.de\/art\/aurinia_s.htm\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPg\" target=\"_new\">Schmetterling-raupe.de<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwBPk\">Kimmo Silvonen <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kolumbus.fi\/silvonen\/lnel\/nym2\/Eupaurin.htm\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPo\" target=\"_new\">Larvae of North-European Lepidoptera<\/a> <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160327080349\/http:\/\/www.kolumbus.fi\/silvonen\/lnel\/nym2\/Eupaurin.htm\" about=\"#mwt158\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPs\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Webarchive\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Webarchive\"},\"params\":{\"url\":{\"wt\":\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20160327080349\/http:\/\/www.kolumbus.fi\/silvonen\/lnel\/nym2\/Eupaurin.htm\"},\"date\":{\"wt\":\"27 March 2016\"}},\"i\":0}}]}' target=\"_new\">Archived<\/a><span about=\"#mwt158\"> 27 March 2016 at the <\/span><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wayback_Machine\" title=\"Wayback Machine\" about=\"#mwt158\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wayback Machine<\/a><link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links\" about=\"#mwt158\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBPw\"\/><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwBP0\">McKee, L. 2008. \"Bid to halt decline of butterfly\". <i id=\"rdp-we-mwBP4\">Belfast Telegraph<\/i>. 18 July 2008. p.<span typeof=\"mw:Entity\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBP8\">\u00a0<\/span>10 (www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk)<\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwBQA\">Paolo Mazzei, Daniel Morel, Raniero Panfili <a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.leps.it\/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages\/EurodAurin.htm\" class=\"external text\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQE\" target=\"_new\">Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"rdp-we-mwBQI\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Devon_Wildlife_Trust\" title=\"Devon Wildlife Trust\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQM\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Devon Wildlife Trust<\/a> manages a number of strongholds for the species including Volehouse Moor, Dunsdon, Meshaw Moor and Vealand farm<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"navbox-styles\" about=\"#mwt159\" typeof=\"mw:Transclusion\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQQ\" data-mw='{\"parts\":[{\"template\":{\"target\":{\"wt\":\"Taxonbar\",\"href\":\".\/Template:Taxonbar\"},\"params\":{\"from\":{\"wt\":\"Q951377\"}},\"i\":0}}]}'><\/div><div role=\"navigation\" class=\"navbox\" aria-labelledby=\"Taxon_identifiers2781\" style=\"padding:3px\" about=\"#mwt159\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQU\"><table class=\"nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner\" style=\"border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit\"><tbody><tr><th scope=\"col\" class=\"navbox-title\" colspan=\"2\"><div id=\"rdp-we-Taxon_identifiers2781\" style=\"font-size:114%;margin:0 4em\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Help:Taxon_identifiers\" title=\"Help:Taxon identifiers\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Taxon identifiers<\/a><\/div><\/th><\/tr><tr><th scope=\"row\" class=\"navbox-group\" style=\"width:1%;text-align: left;\"><i>Euphydryas aurinia<\/i><\/th><td class=\"navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd\" style=\"width:100%;padding:0\"><div style=\"padding:0 0.25em\">\n<ul><li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikidata\" title=\"Wikidata\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikidata<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\/Interwiki\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/wiki\/Q951377\" title=\"wikidata:Q951377\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Q951377<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Wikispecies\" title=\"Wikispecies\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Wikispecies<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><span class=\"external\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\/Interwiki\" href=\"https:\/\/species.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Euphydryas%20aurinia\" title=\"wikispecies:Euphydryas aurinia\" class=\"extiw wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">Euphydryas aurinia<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">BioLib: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.biolib.cz\/en\/taxon\/id51604\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">51604<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System\" title=\"Barcode of Life Data System\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">BOLD<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/bench.boldsystems.org\/index.php\/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=26831\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">26831<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encyclopedia_of_Life\" title=\"Encyclopedia of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">EoL<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/eol.org\/pages\/2942701\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">2942701<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/European_Nature_Information_System\" title=\"European Nature Information System\" class=\"mw-redirect wiki-link\" target=\"_new\">EUNIS<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/eunis.eea.europa.eu\/species\/134\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">134<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fauna_Europaea\" title=\"Fauna Europaea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fauna Europaea<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"http:\/\/www.eu-nomen.eu\/portal\/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:441632\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">441632<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fauna_Europaea\" title=\"Fauna Europaea\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Fauna Europaea (new)<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/fauna-eu.org\/cdm_dataportal\/taxon\/d5373356-135d-432c-a2d8-8780efc69c52\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">d5373356-135d-432c-a2d8-8780efc69c52<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility\" title=\"Global Biodiversity Information Facility\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">GBIF<\/a> (old): <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gbif.org\/species\/4535809\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">4535809<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/INaturalist\" title=\"INaturalist\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">iNaturalist<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/inaturalist.org\/taxa\/207956\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">207956<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">Insecta.pro: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/insecta.pro\/taxonomy\/8587\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">8587<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">LoB: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/projects.biodiversity.be\/lepidoptera\/species\/6351\/\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">6351<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\">MaBENA: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.leps.it\/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages\/EurodAurin.htm\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">EurodAurin<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Biodiversity_Network\" title=\"National Biodiversity Network\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NBN<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/species.nbnatlas.org\/species\/NHMSYS0000516340\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">NHMSYS0000516340<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information\" title=\"National Center for Biotechnology Information\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">NCBI<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/datasets\/taxonomy\/104503\/\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">104503<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Observation.org\" title=\"Observation.org\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Observation.org<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/observation.org\/species\/655\/\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">655<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"white-space:nowrap;\"><a rel=\"mw:WikiLink\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Open_Tree_of_Life\" title=\"Open Tree of Life\" target=\"_new\" class=\"wiki-link\">Open Tree of Life<\/a>: <span class=\"uid\"><a rel=\"external_link\" href=\"https:\/\/tree.opentreeoflife.org\/taxonomy\/browse?id=927499\" class=\"external text\" target=\"_new\">927499<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<\/div><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\n\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Euphydryas\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQY\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Butterflies_of_Africa\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQc\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Butterflies_of_Asia\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQg\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Butterflies_of_Europe\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQk\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Species_that_are_or_were_threatened_by_habitat_loss\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQo\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Butterflies_described_in_1775\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQs\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Habitats_Directive_species\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQw\"\/>\n<link rel=\"mw:PageProp\/Category\" href=\".\/Category:Taxobox_binomials_not_recognized_by_IUCN\" id=\"rdp-we-mwBQ0\"\/> <!-- Euphydryas aurinia --><\/section>\n<!-- \nNewPP limit report\nParsed by mw\u2010web.eqiad.main\u20106b695fbfdc\u2010vz9hw\nCached time: 20261110160405\nCache expiry: 2592000\nCache expiry source: Module:Citation\/CS1 (os.date(%Y))\nReduced expiry: false\nComplications: [vary\u2010revision\u2010sha1, show\u2010toc, use\u2010parsoid]\nCPU time usage: 2.118 seconds\nReal time usage: 2.443 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 10270\/1000000\nRevision size: 43772\/2097152 bytes\nPost\u2010expand include size: 129005\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 25385\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 21\/100\nExpensive parser function count: 18\/500\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 68527\/5000000 bytes\nLua time usage: 0.857\/10.000 seconds\nLua memory usage: 19404221\/52428800 bytes\nNumber of Wikibase entities loaded: 16\/500\n-->\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00% 1932.867      1 -total\n 23.97%  463.263      1 Template:Speciesbox\n 22.69%  438.484      1 Template:Taxobox\/core\n  8.97%  173.392      1 Template:Taxonbar\n  6.96%  134.519      1 Template:Lang\n  5.68%  109.802     15 Template:Cite_journal\n  4.70%   90.787      1 Template:Short_description\n  3.84%   74.198      1 Template:Cite_iucn\n  3.70%   71.474      2 Template:Sister_project\n  3.70%   71.473      1 Template:Commons_category\n-->\n\n<!-- Render ID 5a5e0cb7-dd20-11f1-a037-fb4cc5dc419a -->\n\n<!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:parsoid-pcache:2218701:|#|:idhash:useParsoid=1 and timestamp 20261110160405 and revision id 1378740414. Rendering was triggered because: page_view\n -->\n\n<!-- Parsoid 0.25.0.0-alpha1 -->\n<\/div><!--\nPost\u2010processing cache key enwiki:postproc\u2010parsoid\u2010pcache:2218701:|#|:idhash:injectTOC=0!postproc=1!skin=vector\u20102022!useParsoid=1!visibleLinks=single, generated at 20261110160405\n--><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?useformat=desktop&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none; position: absolute;\"><\/noscript>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/main>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"mw-footer-container\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div> \n<\/div> \n\n<div class=\"mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet\" id=\"rdp-we-p-dock-bottom\">\n\t<ul>\n\t\t\n\t<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><!-- #rdp-we-main -->[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1458317537009{background-color: #efefef !important;background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1477520499973{background-position: center !important;background-repeat: no-repeat !important;background-size: contain !important;}&#8221;]Euphydryas aurinia &#8211; Rottemburg, 1775[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]Farfalla diurna della famiglia dei\u00a0Ninfalidi. Specie molto localizzata, preferisce gli ambienti umidi ma pu\u00f2 volare anche sui prati pi\u00f9 aridi, fino ai 1500 m di quota. Di grandezza intorno ai 4 cm, ha ali caratterizzate [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9700,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[358,172,173,174],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-euphydryas","category-insetti","category-lepidoptera","category-nymphalidae"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9691"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9751,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9691\/revisions\/9751"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.montagneaperte.it\/ambienteebiodiversita\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}